In animal production there are two core dimensions to environmental fit, one that centres on the capacity of the environment to meet an animal's needs and the other concerns the capacity of the animal to match or 'fit' the environment. Efforts to increase capacity in both of these dimensions can contribute substantially to the continuous improvement of animal welfare within different livestock ...

In this paper we show how the size of innovation can affect the incentive for cooperative R&D and social welfare. When cost difference between large and small innovations is not sufficiently large then social welfare can be more under small innovation compared to large innovation. However, the innovating firm always prefers large innovation.

Old welfare economics, Pigou (1920), considered social welfare as a cardinal notion, while new welfare economics,1 Little (1950) and Graaff (1957), consider social welfare as an ordinal notion. An in depth introduction to welfare economics and a discussion of the transition from old to new welfare economics, is expounded quite well by Samuelson (1947, Chap. 8, pp. 203–219, and pp. 249–252). For...

This paper argues how an increase in minimum wage affects employment, consumption, and social welfare with dynamic general equilibrium model without market frictions. The study demonstrates that a minimum wage hike reduces an actual unemployment rate and has positive effects on an employment rate under the demand-shortage economy whereas they do not under a non-demand shortage economy. The stud...

Both the public and the international institutions that regulate the veterinary profession have high expectations that veterinarians will understand and take the lead in issues of animal welfare. These expectations provide a powerful argument for the need to teach animal welfare. The objective of this paper is to share the experiences of animal welfare teaching in South America, examining which...