There are several ways to reduce GHG emissions. Governments may introduce climate policies which provide incentives to save energy or directly reduce emissions. Governments may also re-shape existing industrial or trade policies to reduce their negative impacts on GHG emissions. The case of trade policies is particularly interesting. Trade liberalization can foster economic development, thus in...

The formal security policy model and security analysis is necessary to help Database Management System (DBMS) to attain a higher assurance level. In this paper we develop a formal security model for a DBMS enforcing multiple security policies including mandatory multilevel security policy, discretionary access control policy and role based access control policy. A novel composition scheme of po...

We hypothesize that institutions such as agricultural cooperatives influence regional levels of variety diversity through input supply, processing or marketing functions. This diversity can also affect yield, a partial measure of crop productivity. We test these hypotheses with data from southern Italy, a mega-diversity spot and centre of diversity for durum wheat. Cooperatives in the southern ...

Hypernetworks generalise networks and hypergraphs, allowing relations between many things to be modelled by hypersimplices with richer structure than hypergraph edges. They provide a way of integrating bottom-up and top-down micro, meso and macrolevel dynamics in multilevel systems. They provide a natural way of representing social structures, enabling polices to be tested by computation and bi...

In recent years, government and some organizations have published a series of polices and measures in order to resolve the problem of livestock pollution. Based these existing policies and economical measures, many deficiencies regarding to livestock pollution prevent and control have been analyzed. At the same time, suggestions to these problems were given.