As autonomous agents proliferate in the real world, both in software and robotic settings, they will increasingly need to band together for cooperative activities with previously unfamiliar teammates. In such ad hoc team settings, team strategies cannot be developed a priori. Rather, an agent must be prepared to cooperate with many types of teammates: it must collaborate without pre-coordinatio...

When preparing a saccade, attentional resources are focused at the saccade target and its immediate vicinity. Here we show that this does not hold true when saccades are prepared towards a recently extinguished target. We obtained detailed maps of orientation sensitivity when participants prepared a saccade toward a target that either remained on the screen or disappeared before the eyes moved....

Whole-body warm-up exercises were shown to attenuate exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Whether intense pre-exercise hyperpnea offers similar protection and whether this might negatively affect exercise performance is unknown. Nine subjects with EIB (25±5 yrs; forced expiratory volume in 1s [FEV1], 104±15% predicted) performed an exercise challenge (ECh) followed-after 30min-by a const...

Cloud services provide a powerful resource to which weak clients may outsource their computation. While tremendously useful, they come with their own security challenges. One of the fundamental issues in cloud computation is: how does a client efficiently verify the correctness of computation performed on an untrusted server? Furthermore, how can the client be assured that the server learns not...

Action rules describe possible transitions of objects from one state to another with respect to a distinguished attribute. Previous research on action rule discovery usually requires the extraction of classification rules before constructing any action rule. In this paper, we present a new algorithm that discovers action rules directly from a decision system. It is a bottom-up strategy which ha...

In this study we show how modular multiplication with Barrett and Montgomery reductions over certain finite fields of characteristic 2 can be implemented efficiently without using a pre-computational phase. We extend the set of moduli that is recommended by Standards for Efficient Cryptography (SEC) by defining two distinct sets for which either Barrett or Montgomery reduction is applicable. As...

International travel is fast growing. In 2011, 982 million international tourists traveled around the world to visit friends and relatives, for business, leisure, or other purposes.1 While Europe (51%) continues to be a popular tourist destination attracting about half a billion people, Asia and the Pacific (22%) are also gaining popularity.1 In 2011, 217 million people traveled to Asia-Pacific...