Ecotones have been considered as unique environments, and the concepts of edge effect and ecotonal species have been widely used, especially in avian community ecology. We studied the patterns of bird densities across heath-wood edges at replicated sites in three locations in southeastern Australia. Multivariate analysis showed that the bird community in the ecotone was intermediate between the...

We studied experimentally the effects of water availability on height and radial increment as well as wood density and tracheid properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The study was carried out in two long-term N-fertilization experiments in Southern Finland (Heinola and Sahalahti). At each site, one fertilized and one control plot was covered with an under-canopy roof preventing...

One of the most common biological composites is wood material. This natural orthotropic like material is characterized by a high anisotropy determined by the special disposition of the microstructure elements. The anisotropy of wood can be described in various ways using the values of ultrasonic velocities of bulk waves (longitudinal and shear) observed on the velocity surface deduced from the ...

Few old-growth stands remain in the matrix of secondary forests that dominates the eastern North American landscape. These remnant stands offer insight on the potential carbon (C) storage capacity of now-recovering secondary forests. We surveyed the remaining old-growth forests on sites characteristic of the general Mid-Atlantic United States and estimated the size of multiple components of for...

Mangrove trees tend to be larger and mangrove communities more diverse in tropical latitudes, particularly where there is high rainfall. Variation in the structure, growth and productivity of mangrove forests over climatic gradients suggests they are sensitive to variations in climate, but evidence of changes in the structure and growth of mangrove trees in response to climatic variation is sca...

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Wood density correlates with mechanical and physiological strategies of trees and is important for estimating global carbon stocks. Nonetheless, the relationship between branch and trunk xylem density has been poorly explored in neotropical trees. Here, we examine this relationship in trees from French Guiana and its variation among different families and sites, to improve ...

Growth and wood properties of 20-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees were studied for 6 years in 16 closed chambers providing a factorial combination of two temperature regimes (ambient and elevated) and two carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) (ambient and twice ambient). The elevation of temperature corresponded to the predicted effect at the site of a doubling in atmospheric [CO...

Influence of wood density in tree-ring based annual productivity assessments and its errors in Norway spruce O. Bouriaud, M. Teodosiu, A. V. Kirdyanov, and C. Wirth Forest Research and Management Institute, Station Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Calea Bucovinei 73b, 725100 Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Romania V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia Institute of Bi...

We hypothesized that seedlings grown under water-limited conditions would develop denser wood than seedlings grown under well-watered conditions. Three Eucalyptus species (E. grandis Hill (ex Maiden), E. sideroxylon Cunn. (ex Woolls) and E. occidentalis Endl.) were grown in a temperature-controlled greenhouse for 19 weeks with watering treatments (well-watered and water-limited) applied at six ...