hemicellulose of southern yellow pine wood spices was extracted by pressurized hot water at three different temperatures: 140°c, 155°c and 170°c. compounding with pp (polypropylene) was performed by extrusion after preparing wood flour and sieving to determine its mesh size. the ratio of wood to polymer was 50:50 based on oven-dry weight of wood flour. all extraction treatments and control samp...

Hygroscopicity is one of the most important properties wood and plays a decisive role in its dimensional stability. In this context, conservation plans for waterlogged archaeological (WAW) relevant artefacts must be created. The size sample required moisture sorption assessment may affect results (and thus perception of) hygroscopicity testing artefact. Herein, to investigate effects on WAW as ...

to evaluate the nutritive value in some lignocellulosic materials, 3 sets of experiments were conducted on aspen, and grape woods. to enhance the digestibility, the woods were treated with 5% naoh. throughout the first trial, chemical composition and digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter and ndf of experimental feeds, ph of rumen, as well as palatability were evaluated while ...

Engineers in geomatics are now using high tech technologies which are based on satellite systems. GPS and remote sensing technologies offer great advantages for surveyors. One of the areas where the surveyors are involved is a Land Consolidation project. These projects deal with improving of productivity and working conditions in rural areas, production of reconstruction plans for rural settlem...

Abstract As EU is steadily moving in the direction of emission reduction, each country must develop plans to decarbonise transport and energy sectors. In Latvia, sector one biggest sources. The heating applications come next. Both require carbon containing fuels a transfer neutral fuel necessary; therefore, hydrogen may be answer achieve overall targets. Latvia has renewable sources, some produ...

In this paper, we consider a network of supplier, producer, retailer and customer which synchronizes a series of inter-related business process in terms of integrated supply chain production inventory model. The whole system is considered for a finite time period with imprecise inventory costs. There are imprecise chance constraints on the transportation costs for both producer, retailer and al...

Forest management plans often suggest that economic, ecological, and/or social sustainability will be achieved if the proposed actions are followed. Using forest developed by US Department of Agriculture Service and Republic Turkey, purposes this study were to (i) extract those statements (ii) assess whether there exist statistical differences between two countries’ emphases findings. A content...

Abstract Short-rotation woody plantations (SRWPs) play a major role in climate change mitigation and adaptation plans, because of their high yields biomass fast carbon storage. However, benefits, trade-offs growing-success are heavily location-dependent. Therefore, spatial data on the distribution SRWPs indispensable for assessing current distribution, with other uses potential contributions to...

In this work the Purchasing Scheduling Problem (PSP) is presented, based in study cases of public and private sectors. PSP models the purchasing process in both scenarios through an optimization approach. It is based on the multi-objective formulation of the knapsack problem. Therefore, PSP is defined as a based-graph problem with two objectives: maximization of satisfied demands and minimizati...