As is well known to scholars of the life and work Brontë novelists, Charlotte, Emily Anne had three family dogs, Grasper, Keeper Flossy. Less well-known fact that they included dogs in all seven their novels. best on both counts, for her great bond with Keeper, importance Wuthering Heights (1847), but also possibility she may have held views about what can broadly be described as ‘human-animal ...

Much Gothic literature touches upon the concepts of familial injustice, disconnect from origin, and ill-treatment "monstrously-othered" or abandoned child. Certain works fiction mirror those judicial discourses that involve contentious issues unknown ancestry, not least anonymous gamete donation cross-border surrogacy. Three novels in particular see their characters rendered monstrous by law, s...