For any field k, Milnor [Mi] defined a sequence of groups K 0 (k), K M 1 (k), K M 2 (k), . . . which later came to be known as Milnor K-groups. These were studied extensively by Bass and Tate [BT], Suslin [Su], Kato [Ka1], [Ka2] and others. In [Som], Somekawa investigates a generalization of this definition proposed by Kato: given semi-abelian varieties G1, . . . , Gs over a field k, there is a...

BACKGROUND Pichia stipitis xylose reductase (Ps-XR) has been used to design Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that are able to ferment xylose. One example is the industrial S. cerevisiae xylose-consuming strain TMB3400, which was constructed by expression of P. stipitis xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase and overexpression of endogenous xylulose kinase in the industrial S. cerevisiae str...

Oral naltrexone reduces heavy drinking, but is less consistent as an abstinence promoter, whereas once-monthly extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) also maintains abstinence. The present study sought to determine if alcohol cue reactivity is attenuated by XR-NTX. Twenty-eight detoxified alcohol-dependent adult male and female volunteers received a single i.m. injection of either XR-NTX or place...

High costs and low production efficiency are a serious constraint to bio-based xylitol production. For industrial-scale production of xylitol, a plasmid-free Escherichia coli for arabitol-free xylitol production from corncob hemicellulosic hydrolysate has been constructed. Instead of being plasmid and inducer dependent, this strain relied on multiple-copy integration of xylose reductase (XR) ge...

A modified integral counting method (MICM) with various quenched samples (MICM-VQ) has been investigated for its applicability for different scintillators using b emitters, C and S. To assess the influence of scintillators, three sets of C quenched standards and two S cocktail series were prepared. Two sets of C quenched standards were used for the toluene-compatible scintillator, the other for...

The Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland algorithm is one of the most popular algorithms for solving the satis ability problem. Its e ciency depends on its choice of a branching rule. We construct a sequence of instances of the satis ability problem that fools a variety of \sensible" branching rules in the following sense: when the instance has n variables, each of the \sensible" branching rules brin...

OBJECTIVE Methylphenidate extended-release orally disintegrating tablets (MPH XR-ODTs) represent a new technology for MPH delivery. ODTs disintegrate in the mouth without water and provide a pharmacokinetic profile that is consistent with once-daily dosing. This study sought to determine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of this novel MPH XR-ODT formulation in school-age children with atte...