The Arctic and sub-arctic regions are impacted by the growth of the global nanotechnology industry and the transport of chemicals to the North. New nanotechnology industries, such as neural prothesis, are bringing nanomaterials in direct contact with neurons and glial cells. Nanomaterials have unique chemical and physical properties that may lead to toxicological effects by interfering with nor...

The transport, retention, and long-term release of zinc oxide nanoparticle aggregates (denoted below as ZnO-NPs) were investigated in saturated, bare and biofilm (Pseudomonas putida) coated sand packed columns. Almost complete retention of ZnO-NPs occurred in bare and biofilm coated sand when the influent solution pH was 9 and the ionic strength (IS) was 0.1 or 10 mM NaCl, and the retention pro...

Nanoparticles (NPs) are currently used in chemical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and electronic products. Nevertheless, limited safety information is available for many NPs, especially in terms of their interactions with various binding proteins, leading to potential toxic effects. Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are included in the formulation of new products, such as adhesives, batteries, ceramics, cosmeti...

Antimicrobial growth inhibition and mechanistic activities of synthesized Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were investigated in this study. Nanoparticle size 20-25 nm and concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μg/mL were used against pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Salmonella typhimurium (Gram negative) and also first time against two plant fungi Aspergillus...

Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been developed in a variety of environmental studies to address adverse effects of a wide range of toxicants. In the present study, we compared the toxicities of three metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) including TiO(2)-NPs, ZnO-NPs, and SiO(2)-NPs with the same nanosize (30 nm) after prolonged exposure from L1-larvae to adult at environmental relevant concentra...

The majority of in vitro studies characterizing the impact of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) on cells that line the respiratory tract were conducted in cells exposed to NPs in suspension. This approach introduces processes that are unlikely to occur during inhaled NP exposures in vivo, such as the shedding of toxic doses of dissolved ions. ZnO NPs are used extensively and pose significant sourc...

Nanoparticles (NPs) have diverse properties when compared to respective chemicals due to their structure, surface to volume ratio, morphology, and reactivity. Toxicological effects of metallic NPs on organisms including plants have been reported. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is still not any report on the effect of NPs on in vitro culture of plant explants. In this study, ZnO NP...

In this study, we tested the antimicrobial activity of three metal nanoparticles (NPs), ZnO, MgO, and CaO NPs, against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in liquid medium and on solid surfaces. Out of the three tested metal NPs, ZnO NPs exhibited the most significant antimicrobial effect both in liquid medium and when embedded on solid surfaces. Therefore, we focused on revealing the mecha...

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), known for their chemical stability and strong adsorption, are used in everyday items such as cosmetics, sunscreens, and prophylactic drugs. However, they have also been found to adversely affect organisms; previously we found that ZnO NPs disrupt pubertal ovarian development, inhibit embryonic development by upsetting γ-H2AX and NF-κB pathways, and even distu...

With the increasing application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in biological materials, the neurotoxicity caused by these particles has raised serious concerns. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the toxic effect of ZnO NPs on brain cells remain unclear. Mitochondrial damage has been reported to be a factor in the toxicity of ZnO NPs. PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy is a new...