Two experiments examined the role of spatial dimensions in pattern discrimination and judgment of similarity by pigeons. In Experiment 1, pigeons were given a symbolic matching-to-sample task in which they first learned to discriminate between two patterns (A and B) that differed in the spatial layout of an arrow inside a circle divided into four quadrants. The first training stimulus contained...

The present study characterized the persistent changes (ie, off-treatment) resulting from short-term antihypertensive treatments on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and structurally based vascular resistance. Rats were treated for 14 days with enalapril (30 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) with regular (ENAL, 0.4%) or low salt (ELS, 0.04%) diets, or a triple therapy (Triple: hydralazine 45 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1),...

A classical result for crisp choice functions shows the equivalence between Arrow axiom and the property of full rationality. In this paper we study a fuzzy form of Arrow axiom formulated in terms of the subsethood degree and of the degree of equality (of fuzzy sets). We prove that a fuzzy choice function verifies Fuzzy Arrow Axiom if and only if it is (fuzzy) full rational. We also show that t...

We study zero-temperature quantum spin chains, which are characterized by a nonvanishing current. For the XX model starting from the initial state mid R:cdots, three dots, centered upward arrow upward arrow upward arrow downward arrow downward arrow downward arrowcdots, three dots, centered we derive an exact expression for the variance of the total spin current. We show that asymptotically the...

Fig. 1. Agarose immunoelectrophoresisof the patient’sserum We usedComingUniversal agarose electrophoresis film (Coming,PaloAlto, CA),barbitalbuffer(50 mmolJL.p1-f8.6)containing0.35g of EDTAperliter,antiserafrom Kallestad Laboratories, Inc.,Austin,TX, andAmidoBlacktostainthe gels. The gels were runfor 35 mm at 90 V. The extraneousgM arc(arrow shiftson reduction(,) with 2-mercaptoethanol t occupy...