New mythicomyiids from Baltic and Rovno amber are described and illustrated herein including one new genus: Riga, n. gen.; and five new species: Glabellula aggregata Evenhuis, n. sp., Glabellula perkovskyi Evenhuis, n. sp., Riga toni Evenhuis, n. sp., Carmenelectra shehuggme Evenhuis, n. sp. and Carmenelectra pernigra Evenhuis, n. sp. The genus Riga is very closely related to the extant genus R...

Numerous studies of host starvation have emphasized pathological effects of parasites on their insect host, but little attention has been focused on the effects of host starvation on the parasites. This study addressed the possibility that parasite life-cycle events could be manipulated by withholding food from the host. The system used was Gregarina niphandrodes (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida) in...

Companies have moved away from vertical integration, in which a single company converts raw materials into products for end users, to an increasing reliance on supply chains. A typical U.S. company purchases 55% of the value of its products from other companies (Dyer & Singh, 1998). The promise of greater efficiency and the ability to adapt to increasingly volatile market dynamics have prompted...

رابطه‌­ی شدت ترمولومینسانس براساس مدل سینتیک مرتبه‌­ی اول بدون در نظرگرفتن اثر فروکشی دمایی مورد استفاده قرار می‌­گیرد. این حالی است که به عنوان یک واقعیت فیزیکی باید روابط بیان‌­کننده‌­ی توجه گیرد. کار با نظر گرفتن برای اول، تابع جداسازی منحنی تابش جدیدی برحسب و دمای قله دست آمد. نحوی جدید حذف مشخصه‌­های دمایی، همان قبلی خود تبدیل می‌­شود. دزیمتر (400TLD-) :Mn2CaF بررسی گرفت. این‌­که ­شدت طبق ...

ارتباط خداوند با انسان (و لوازم آن) همواره از مباحث مناقشه‌انگیز در میان الهی‌دانان بوده است. مهم‌ترین شعب این بحث، مسئلة «تغییرپذیری» پیناک (از بنیان‌گذاران الهیات گشوده) معتقد است آنجا که ـ بنا بر کتاب مقدس جهان و همچنین تدبیر متغیر منطقاً نیازمند مدبری بتواند شرایط مناسبی داشته باشد، ناگزیر باید موجودی تغییرپذیر باشد. مسئله کلام امامیه به گونه‌ای دیگر تبیین شده دیدگاه متکلمان اگرچه هر لحظه مخ...

Heteroderafengi n. sp. is described and illustrated from bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) based on morphology and molecular analyses of rRNA LSU D2D3 region and ITS. This new species belongs to the Cyperi group. Cysts are characterized by prominent vulval cone with ambifenestrate, bifurcate underbridge that is thicker in middle and a 47.0 (40.0-60.0) µm long vulval slit, but without bulla...

A new fossil genus, Eonandeva gen. nov., with two new species: E. helva sp. nov. (type for the genus) and E. latistyla sp. nov., is described from Eocene Baltic amber (~45-40 Ma). Adult males of both new species show the wing venation pattern, shape and chaetotaxy typical for the tribe Tanytarsini. The characters defined as prior apomorphies for the new genus--the gonostylus with a subapical fl...

Financial crises of the magnitude that caused the ongoing Great Recession are relatively rare but dramatic and socially costly events. As was the case with the 1990s emerging markets crises or the Great Depression of the 1930s, the Great Recession was preceded by prolonged booms in credit, economic activity and asset prices, followed by a sharp, sudden crash. This observation has made policymak...

In this work, we present a discrete time modeling framework, in which the shape and dynamics of a Limit Order Book (LOB) arise endogenously from an equilibrium between multiple market participants (agents). The new framework captures very closely the true, micro-level, mechanics of an auction-style exchange. At the same time, it uses the standard abstractions of a continuum-player game to obtai...

Four strains isolated in the last 15 years were revealed to be identical in their 16S rRNA gene sequences to MCRO19, the sequence of which was deposited in GenBank in 1995. In a polyphasic analysis including phenotypic and genotypic features, the five strains (including MCRO19), which had been isolated in four European countries, turned out to represent a unique taxonomic entity. They are scoto...