The type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP(3)R1) is an intracellular Ca(2+) channel protein that plays crucial roles in generating complex Ca(2+) signalling patterns. IP(3)R1 consists of three domains: a ligand-binding domain, a regulatory domain and a channel domain. In order to investigate the function of these domains in its gating machinery and the physiological significance of sp...

Monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) degrades serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine and produces reactive oxygen that may cause neuronal cell death. We have previously reported that a novel transcription factor R1 (RAM2/CDCA7L/JPO2) inhibits the MAO A promoter and enzymatic activities. This study reports the roles of MAO A and R1 in apoptosis and proliferation. We have found that in serum starvation-i...

Equivalent faults inhibit fault diagnosis by producing indistinguishable test metric measurements. Removal of conditions causing the equivalence in response exhibited by such faults is necessary if fault diagnosis quality is to be improved. As Design-for-Testability methodology aims to deliver a degree of fault diagnosis substantially greater than that obtainable testing unassisted by on-chip t...

The type 1 inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptor (InsP(3)R1) is an intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) release channel that plays an important role in neuronal function. In yeast two-hybrid screen of rat brain cDNA library with the InsP(3)R1 carboxy-terminal bait we isolated multiple clones of neuronal cytoskeletal protein 4.1N. We mapped the 4.1N-interaction site to a short fragment (50 amino aci...

The soak-time of vehicle trip starts is defined as the duration of time in which the vehicle’s engine is not operating and that precedes a successful vehicle start. The temporal distribution of the soak-time in an area is an important determinant of area-wide mobile source emissions. In the current paper, we formulate and implement a methodology for modeling soak-time durations. The methodology...

Ribonucleotide reductase is the enzyme responsible for the reduction of ribonucleotides to their corresponding deoxyribonucleotides for DNA synthesis. Ribonucleotide reductase is a multisubunit complex containing two polypeptides, R1 and R2. In addition to catalytic and allosteric regulatory functions, the R1 subunit appears to act as a novel tumor suppressor. Previous studies demonstrated that...

Notoginsenoside R1 (R1) is the main bioactive component in Panax notoginseng, an old herb medicine widely used in Asian countries in the treatment of microcirculatory diseases. However, little is known about the effect of R1 on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The present study demonstrated that R1 alleviated the severity of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by decreasing the acti...

We introduce a property of forcing notions, called the anti-R1,א1 , which comes from Aronszajn trees. This property canonically defines a new chain condition stronger than the countable chain condition, which is called the property R1,א1 . In this paper, we investigate the property R1,א1 . For example, we show that a forcing notion with the property R1,א1 does not add random reals. We prove tha...

In this paper, we prove that for a bounded domain Ω in a rank-1 symmetric space, the first non-zero Neumann eigenvalue μ1(Ω) ≤ μ1(B(r1)) where B(r1) denotes the geodesic ball of radius r1 such that vol(Ω) = vol(B(r1)) and equality holds iff Ω = B(r1). This result generalises the works of Szego, Weinberger and Ashbaugh-Benguria for bounded domains in the spaces of constant curvature.

The self-assembly in solution and adsorption at the air-water interface, measured by small-angle neutron scattering, SANS, and neutron reflectivity, NR, of the monorhamnose and dirhamnose rhamnolipids (R1, R2) and their mixtures, are discussed. The production of the deuterium-labeled rhamnolipids (required for the NR studies) from a Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture and their separation into the p...