In Tobin v. SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals a jury in the U.S. District Court for the District of Wyoming found that the medication Paxil "can cause some individuals to commit homicide and/or suicide," and that it was a legal cause of the deaths in this case. A motion was recently put before the United States District Court for the District of Utah to adopt the findings of the Tobin case--vi...

With the growing number of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) problems, many companies have begun to implement more sustainable business practices. In midst this change, institutional shareholders declare adopt socially responsible investment procedures, which is a way engaging in investor activism. Despite interest activism following introduction stewardship code, little attention has...

Sanayi devriminden itibaren sera gazı emisyonları özellikle de karbondioksit (CO2) iklim değişikliğine neden olmaktadır. Bununla birlikte firmaların paydaşları, değişikliği risklerinin yönetimi konusunda bilinçlenmekte ve firmalardan finansal bilgilerinin yanı sıra olmayan bilgiler talep etmektedir. Dolayısıyla ikilim ile mücadelede firmalar emisyonlarını azaltmak için ne yaptıklarını yıllar it...

The purpose of the present research is to investigate the effective channels of the monetary transmission mechanism in Iran. To do so, we devised a New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model. In our model, the different types of nominal rigidities are introduced beside all the related structural equations, which are extracted and linearized around a steady state point. Furthermo...

Light is essential for normal plant growth and development not only as a source of energy but also as a stimulus that regulates numerous developmental and metabolic processes. The plant’s responses are varied and complex and dependent upon the quality and quantity of ambient light. The initial requirement for light is as a signal for germination in many plant species. After germination in compl...

The question of business performance assessment has been discussed by many researchers. Some resulting indicators can be applied in all enterprises (e.g. ROE, ROA), some have limited use Tobin ́s Q). This paper focuses on finding the aspects (indicators), that could affect itself, rather than to propose new performance. results this analysis help management enterprise focus right objectives futu...