Valorization of lignin is essential for the economics of future lignocellulosic biorefineries. Lignin is converted into novel polymer building blocks through four steps: catalytic hydroprocessing of softwood to form 4-alkylguaiacols, their conversion into 4-alkylcyclohexanols, followed by dehydrogenation to form cyclohexanones, and Baeyer-Villiger oxidation to give caprolactones. The formation ...

TheZrO2-based materials are practically important as the thermal barrier coatings(TBC) for high temperature gas turbines, due to their low thermal conductivity, hightemperature thermal stability and excellent interfacial compatibility. Studies of the phaseequilibira, phase transformation, and thermodynamics of the ZrO2-based systems can providethe necessary basic knowledge t...

OBJECTIVE Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is a calcium silicate cement composed of Portland cement (PC) and bismuth oxide. Hydroxyapatite has been incorporated to enhance mechanical and biological properties of dental materials. This study evaluated physicochemical and mechanical properties and antibiofilm activity of MTA and PC associated with zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and hydroxyapatite nanopar...

Protein adsorption onto titanium (Ti) or zirconia (ZrO2) was evaluated using a 27 MHz quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). As proteins, fibronectin (Fn), a cell adhesive protein, and albumin (Alb), a cell adhesion-inhibiting protein, were evaluated. The Ti and ZrO2 sensors for QCM were characterized by atomic force microscopy and electron probe microanalysis observation, measurement of contact an...

SiO2-ZrO2 sols have been prepared via acid catalysis using a commercial colloidal suspension of zirconia and two silica alkoxides; tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES). Suspensions with 10, 15 and 25-mol% of ZrO2 were prepared. The stability of the suspensions was followed by rheological measurements showing that the amount of water incorporated with the colloidal suspensio...

A flow-injection analysis (FIA) system incorporating a micro-column of ZrO2 has been used for the development of an on-line multi-element method for the simultaneous preconcentration and determination of Al, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, In, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Tl, V, Sb, Sn, and Zn by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The conditions for quantitative and reproducible ...

Zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by solution combustion using urea as an organic fuel. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements were performed in order to characterize the catalyst. The calculated crystallite size of ZrO2, calculated w...

A controllable transformation from interfacial to filamentary switching mode is presented on a ZrO2/ZrO2 - x /ZrO2 tri-layer resistive memory. The two switching modes are investigated with possible switching and transformation mechanisms proposed. Resistivity modulation of the ZrO2 - x layer is proposed to be responsible for the switching in the interfacial switching mode through injecting/retr...