The present study was carried out to determine the glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), insulinemic index (InI), appetite ratings and postprandial plasma concentrations of gastrointestinal hormones related to the control of food intake after the ingestion of the five most common breads consumed in Spain with different compositions and manufacturing processes. Twenty-two healthy adults parti...

We have previously reported on the inhibitory effect of Glycyrrhizae radix (Gl radix) on mouse endometrial carcinogenesis. The present study was performed to clarify the effects of Gl radix and glycyrrhizin (GL), the main part of Gl radix, on estradiol (E2)-related endometrial carcinogenesis. Both Gl radix and GL exerted a significant decrease in the COX-2, IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha mRNA expressi...

OBJECTIVE To test whether angiotensin II (AngII) could modulate apoptosis of human granulosa-lutein (GL) cells from gonadotropin-stimulated follicles. DESIGN In vitro assays on mural and cumulus granulosa cells. SETTING University laboratory and private IVF practice. PATIENT(S) One hundred six consecutive women undergoing 113 IVF cycles. INTERVENTION(S) Purified human GL mural or cumulu...

BACKGROUND Bacteriological confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis is difficult in infants and young children. In adults and older children, sputum induction has been successfully used; this technique has not been tested in younger children. AIMS To investigate whether sputum induction can be successfully performed in infants and young children and to determine the utility of induced sputum co...

Herpesvirus glycoprotein complex gH/gL provides a core entry function through interactions with the fusion protein gB and can also influence tropism through receptor interactions. The Epstein-Barr virus gH/gL and gH/gL/gp42 serve both functions for entry into epithelial and B cells, respectively. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gH/gL can be bound by the UL128-131 proteins or gO. The phenotypes of ...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous virus that is a major pathogen in newborns and immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients. HCMV infects a wide variety of cell types using distinct entry pathways that involve different forms of the gH/gL glycoprotein: gH/gL/gO and gH/gL/UL128-131 as well as the viral fusion glycoprotein, gB. However, the minimal or core fusion machinery (suffici...

The galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) OLIGOMATE 55N (Yakult) is a mixture of oligosaccharides, the main component of which is 4'-galactosyllactose (4'-GL). Numerous reports have shown that GOSs are non-digestible, reach the colon and selectively stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria. The product has been used as a food ingredient and its applications have expanded rapidly. However, the bifidobacte...

We describe a Hopf algebraic approach to the Grothendieck ring of representations of subgroups Hπ of the general linear group GL(n) which stabilize a tensor of Young symmetry {π}. It turns out that the representation ring of the subgroup can be described as a Hopf algebra twist, with a 2-cocycle derived from the Cauchy kernel 2-cocycle using plethysms. Due to Schur-Weyl duality we also need to ...