We present the kinematic variable, mT2, which is in some ways similar to the more familiar ‘transverse-mass’, but which can be used in events where two or more particles have escaped detection. We define this variable and describe the event topologies to which it applies, then present some of its mathematical properties. We then briefly discuss two case studies which show how mT2 is vital when ...

The ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) may discover the squarks (q̃) and gluino (g̃) of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) in the early stage of the experiments if their masses are lighter than 1.5 TeV. In this paper we propose the sub-system mT2 variable (m sub T2 ), which is sensitive to the gluino mass when mq̃ > mg̃. Using it with the inclusive mT2 distri...

Abstract Background Hepcidin is the key regulator of systemic iron homeostasis and downregulated by matriptase 2 (MT2), a protease encoded TMPRSS6 gene. In presence low levels, MT2 cleaves membrane-bound hemojuvelin (HJV), causing negative regulation hepcidin at gene level, restores balance. rs855791T > C, missense variant in catalytic domain MT2, causes valine to alanine change 736 position...

Several reports have demonstrated that the pineal hormone, melatonin, plays an important role in body mass regulation in mammals. To date, however, the target tissues and relevant biochemical mechanisms involved remain uncharacterized. As adipose tissue is the principal site of energy storage in the body, we investigated whether melatonin could also act on this tissue. Semiquantitative RT-PCR a...

In healthy young men, administration of a single light pulse (5000 lux for 3 hr) or a single melatonin pill (5 mg) at 20:40 hr under controlled constant routine conditions of <10 lux, yielded a phase delay and a phase advance, respectively, in the circadian marker of dim light melatonin onset 24 hr later. Phase shifts after combining the two interventions were additive. Melatonin suppression is...

Ferritin (Ft) interaction with the Zn-complexes of mammalian MT1, MT2 and MT3 metallothioneins (MT) leads to simultaneous Fe(II) and Zn(II) release.

We propose to use the MT2 concept to measure the masses of all particles in SUSY-like events with two unobservable, identical particles. To this end we generalize the usual notion of MT2 and define a new M (n,p,c) T2 variable, which can be applied to various subsystem topologies, as well as the full event topology. We derive analytic formulas for its endpoint M (n,p,c) T2,max as a function of t...

Cytokinins (CKs), a class of phytohormones that regulate plant growth and development, are also synthesized by some phytopathogens to disrupt the hormonal balance and to facilitate niche establishment in their hosts. Rhodococcus fascians harbors the fasciation (fas) locus, an operon encoding several genes homologous to CK biosynthesis and metabolism. This pathogen causes unique leafy gall sympt...

Rare plasmodia formed in clones of heterothallic amoebae were analyzed in a search for mutations affecting plasmodium formation. The results show that the proportion of mutants varies with both temperature (18 degrees , 26 degrees or 30 degrees ) and mating-type allele (mt1, mt2, mt3, mt4). At one extreme, only one of 33 plasmoida formed by mt2 amoebae at 18 degrees is mutant. At the other extr...