In this paper, we present the results of a project that seeks to transform low-level features to a higher level of meaning. This project concerns a technique, latent semantic indexing (LSI), in conjunction with normalization and term weighting, which have been used for full-text retrieval for many years. In this environment, LSI determines clusters of co-occurring keywords, sometimes, called co...

Ecosystem models which include both variability of driving variables as an input, and uncertainty and/or stability in their predictions are rare, especially outside of forest and cropland applications. Our objective is to investigate the stability of productivity levels and temporal patterns in a northern mixed grass prairie site using scenarios of varying levels of climate variability. Predict...

Over the past 20 years, the documented increase in the disorders of male sexual differentiation, such as hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and micropenis, has led to the suspicion that environmental chemicals are detrimental to normal male genital development in utero. Male sexual differentiation is critically dependent on the normal action of androgens, and unbalanced androgen/estrogen ratios can d...

This paper o"ers an explanation for the coexistence of convergence across countries and the lack thereof at the regional level in the European Union. The model shows that, even if it accelerates growth and brings convergence across countries, the intensi5cation of international knowledge spillovers due to more cross-country interaction may exacerbate within-country regional disparities, if regi...

It is known that the adult visual memory system is fractionable into functionally independent cognitive subsystems, selectively susceptible to brain damage. In addition, there have been hints from studies with individuals with autism that these cognitive subsystems can fractionate developmentally. However, there has been a paucity of systematic investigations. The present study involves the ana...

Venipuncture, the most frequently performed invasive medical procedure (Horowitz, 1994), is usually benign, producing only transitory mild discomfort. However, several case series (Berry and Wallis, 1977; Newman and Waxman, 1996; Horowitz, 1994, 2000; Newman, 2001) and individual patient reports (see Horowitz, 1994) document nerve injuries consequent to the procedure. While such injuries are re...

Difficulties in location of transcranial ultrasound (US) windows and blood flow in cerebral vessels, and unambiguous detection of microemboli, have limited expansion of transcranial Doppler US. We developed a new transcranial Doppler modality, power M-mode Doppler (PMD), for addressing these issues. A 2-MHz digital Doppler (Spencer Technologies TCD100M) having 33 sample gates placed with 2-mm s...

To examine how the time course of rapid events of adaptation affect motion vision, the lower threshold of motion (LTM) was measured for suprathreshold sinusoidal gratings in presence of transient and steady glare. In the case of the transient condition, glare and stimulus were presented separated in time by a variable extent (SOA: 50–450 ms). A two alternative forced choice paradigm using the m...

This paper introduces the theoretical foundation for the development of a pen-based system dedicated to helping to teach handwriting in primary schools. Knowledge given by a kinematic theory of rapid human movements is used. The system proposed includes a letter model generator which is used to create letter shapes with a human-like kinematics. The system generates feedback to pupils after a mu...

To address some of the uncertainties inherent in large-scale models, two very different urban models, an advanced travel demand model and an integrated land use and transportation model, are applied to evaluate land use, transit, and auto pricing policies in the Sacramento, CA (US), region. The empirical and modeling literature is reviewed to identify effective land use, transit, and pricing po...