Lewis acidic zeolites are used to synthesize unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters via aldol condensation of keto esters. Hafnium-containing BEA (Hf-BEA) zeolites catalyze the condensation of ethyl pyruvate into diethyl 2methyl-4-oxopent-2-enedioate and diethyl 2-methylene-4oxopentanedioate (an itaconic acid ester analogue) with a selectivity of ca. 80% at ca. 60% conversion in a packed-bed reac...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Materials and methods 3.1. Collection and processing of human samples 3.2. Reagents and proteins 3.3. Determination of protein carbonyl groups 3.4. Radioimmunoassay 3.5. Hemoglobin measurement 3.6. Thiobarbituric acid-assay 3.7. Statistical analysis 4. Results 4.1. Analysis of urine samples in cohort 1 4.2. Analysis of urine samples in cohort 2 4.3. Plasma markers...

Protonation of the reactive intermediate produced in the  reaction between trimethyl phosphite and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate or diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate by resorcinol, 5-methylresorcinol, 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethy-lphenol, 4-hydroxypyridine, 2-hydroxypyridine, 3-hydroxypyridine, or 8-hydroxyquinoline leads to vinylphosphonium salts,...

protonation of the reactive intermediate produced in the  reaction between trimethyl phosphite and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate or diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate by resorcinol, 5-methylresorcinol, 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethy-lphenol, 4-hydroxypyridine, 2-hydroxypyridine, 3-hydroxypyridine, or 8-hydroxyquinoline leads to vinylphosphonium salts, whi...

Background: This study aimed at determining the appropriate method for dewatering and drying biomass and selecting a suitable organic solvent for lipid extraction. Methods: Nannochloropsis Oculata was cultured in Gillard F/2 medium and after reaching the end of the stationary growth phase, algal biomass was separated from aqueous by centrifuge and dried through three methods: Oven, Air-dried an...

In this paper, we have used a saturated five-membered N-Heterocyclic carbene (5SIDipp = 1,3-bis-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidine) for the synthesis of SNHC-haloboranes adducts and their further nucleophilic substitutions to put unusual functional groups at central boron atom. The reaction 5-SIDipp with RBCl2 yields Lewis-base adducts, 5-SIDipp·RBCl2 [R H (1), Ph (2)]. hydrolysis 1 gi...

A novel synthetic methodology has been developed for the synthesis of diethyl 5-alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl substituted 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-4,4-dicarboxylates (also called 2-substituted pyrroline-4,5-dihydro-3,3-dicarboxylic acid diethyl esters) by iodide ion induced ring expansion of 2-[(aziridin-1-yl)-1-alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl-methylene]malonic acid diethyl esters in very good to excellent yields ...

In the present study a various phytochemical compounds that have been isolated from Melia azedarach and showed phytoconstituents leaves against three of pathogenic fungi are as follows: Alternaria alternate, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum Sordaria fimicola. ''The Phytochemical M. were exposed to (GC-MS) analysis. The results highest activity reviewed fungal, (Alternaria fimicola). All concentrations...

The stereoselective synthesis of diethyl (S)or (R)-IX-[( O-pivaloylhexapyranosyl)amino]benzylphosphonates is achieved via Lewis acid catalyzed addition of diethyl phosphite to O-pivaloylated Nbenzylidene-{3-D-galactosylamine or N-benzylidene-IX-D-arabinopyranosylamine. The process can also be performed by a one-pot procedure selectively giving (S)-aminophosphonic acid derivatives from galactosy...

Two multinuclear complexes [Fe6(μ3-O)2(μ4-O2)L10(OAc)2(H2O)2]·2.625Et2O·2.375H2O (1) and [Fe(III)11Cl(μ4-O)3(μ3-O)5L16(dmf)(2.5)(H2O)(0.5)]·Et2O·1.25dmf·3.8H2O (2), where HL = 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid and dmf = dimethylformamide, have been prepared from trinuclear iron(III) carboxylates via their structural rearrangement in dimethylformamide or diethyl ether-dimethylformamide 9:1, respectiv...