This article presents an overview of the Cistercian monasteries that were founded in Sweden 12th and 13th centuries. The first Alvastra Nydala, 1143, both male monasteries. However, eventually nunneries came to outnumber (7/5). purpose is also discuss social background monks nuns who inhabited these As for nuns, previous studies have shown they initially from society’s elite, royal families, bu...

Two ceramic smoking-pipe bowls, excavated in Lalibela Cave, Begemeder Province, Ethiopia, were radiocarbon dated to 1320 ±2 80 A.D. A modified thin-layer chromatographic technique, applied to the pipe residues, yields positive tests for cannabis-derived compounds. Long-lived cannabinoids, produced by the heat of smoking from short-lived psychoactive ingredients in cannabis, makes identification...

Abstract Under the reign of Duke Bolesław V, Poland lived through a period cultural prosperity with several newly founded monastic centres and productive scriptoria. Particularly important were two convents Order St Clare, by duke’s sister, blessed Salomea, his wife, Kinga. Both cloisters led in spirit royal foundations repositories medieval chant polyphony. While Stary Sącz (founded 1280) is f...

introduction: in the present research, the effect of morphine consumption during pregnancy on the development of the embryo’s spinal cord was studied in wistar rat. methods: female wistar rats (wt: 250-300 g) were mated with males. the test group received morphine (0.01 mg/ml) in their drinking water. pregnant rats were later killed with chloroform on the 12th, 13th and 14th days of pregnancy, ...

Abstract Within the rich spectrum of musical documents from medieval Bohemia, corpus tropes that survives in manuscripts St George’s convent at Prague Castle is perhaps most important. Forty-two Benedicamus Domino appear monastery—one richest and important female foundations Central Europe, with a small community nuns noble families—most them compiled end 13th first decades 14th centuries. The ...

While the textual production of Normandy’s Cistercian abbeys has not lacked for scholarly attention, a detailed study historical writing in duchy remains to be written. This article looks small part fill this historiographical gap by examining those works produced and copied Normandy between beginning 12th end 13th centuries. In doing so, it aims shed new light on sorts texts or written White M...