Microorganism degradation is efficient to remove the steroid hormones like 17β-estradiol (E2); but their degradation mechanism and metabolic network to these chemicals are still not very clear. Here the global responses of the estrogen-degradation strain Pseudomonas putida SJTE-1 to 17β-estradiol and glucose were analyzed and compared using the iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute qua...

Rcan2 increases food intake and plays an important role in the development of age- and diet- induced obesity in male mice. However, in females, wild-type mice grow almost at a similar rate as Rcan2-/- mice on normal chow diet from 6 weeks of age. Here we showed that the ability of Rcan2 to promote weight gain was attenuated by energy expenditure mediated by 17β-estradiol in female mice. Using o...

objective(s):the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) has long been postulated to play an integral role in the pathophysiology of migraine. earlier studies showed that cgrp can stimulate the synthesis and release of nitric oxide (no) and cytokines from trigeminal ganglion glial cells. the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 17β-estradiol in regulation of cgrp exp...

Increased cholangiocyte growth is critical for the maintenance of biliary mass during liver injury by bile duct ligation (BDL). Circulating levels of testosterone decline following castration and during cholestasis. Cholangiocytes secrete sex hormones sustaining cholangiocyte growth by autocrine mechanisms. We tested the hypothesis that testosterone is an autocrine trophic factor stimulating bi...

17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1) represents a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment. To reduce the undesirable estrogenic activity of potent 17β-HSD1 inhibitor 16β-(m-carbamoylbenzyl)estradiol (1) (IC(50) = 27 nM), a series of analogues with a small functionalized side chain at position 3 were synthesized and tested. The 3-(2-bromoethyl)-16β-(m-carbamoylbenz...

In the present work, we analyzed whether polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (47, 99, 100 and 209) interfere with the effect of 17β-estradiol on the proliferation and apoptosis of the MCF-7 cell line. MCF-7 cells were cultured in DMEM without phenol red; upplemented with 5% charcoal-treated fetal bovine serum for 3 days with 10 nM 17β-estradiol; with 0.1 μM, 0.5 μM or 1 μM of the tested PBDE...

Bladder cancer belongs to one of the most common cancers and is a leading cause of deaths in our society. Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) is the main type of this cancer, and the estrogen receptors in UCB remain to be studied. Our experiment aimed to investigate the possible biological effect of 17β-estradiol on human bladder-derived T24 carcinoma cells and to indicate its related mec...

17β-estradiol treatment has shown benefit against schizophrenia symptoms, however long-term use may be associated with negative side-effects. Selective estrogen receptor modulators, such as raloxifene and tamoxifen, have been proposed as suitable alternatives to 17β-estradiol. An isomer of 17β-estradiol, 17α-estradiol, is considered less carcinogenic, and non-feminising in males, however little...

Interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β) is a pleiotropic cytokine that mediates inflammatory and cell death activities. IL‑1β has been previously reported to induce apoptosis of intervertebral disc (IVD) cells in IVD degeneration. Accumulating data have suggested that post‑menopausal women have a high incidence of IVD degeneration. It has therefore been proposed that estrogen may have a close association with I...