Two aromatic butenolides, aspernolides A and B along with the known metabolites, butyrolactone I, terrein and physcion were isolated from the fermentation broth of a soft coral derived fungus Aspergillus terreus. The structures of these metabolites were assigned on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis. The absolute stereochemistry of aspernolides A (1) and B (2) was established by their...

Respiratory depression and death secondary to respiratory arrest have occurred after oral overdoses of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and its precursor γ-butyrolactone (GBL). GHB is a substrate for monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), and increasing GHB renal clearance or decreasing GHB absorption via MCT inhibition represents a potential treatment strategy for GHB/GBL overdose. In these studies, GHB ...

Solvent mixtures for making uniform, crystalline methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite films are provided. The solvents dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), γ-butyrolactone (GBL), and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) examined as well their binary combinations to prepare solution-sheared at higher than 150 °C temperatures. Characterization methods such imaging, X-ray diffraction, grazing-incidence ...