OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in type 2 diabetes and increases oxidative stress. Hence, OSA could promote the development and progression of DN. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a cohort study in adults with type 2 diabetes. Patients with known OSA or ESRD were excluded. DN was defined as t...

Background: The role of attenuation in antioxidant capacity or expansion of pro-oxidant/oxidant is well known for the development of stress oxidative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma antioxidant capacity along with uric acid in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN+) and without diabetic nephropathy (DN-). Materials and Methods: The research population included 88 patients ...

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rising rapidly in Asian populations due to lifestyle changes and increased life expectancy. With the rapidly increasing number of patients with diabetes worldwide, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is becoming one of the most common causes of renal disease. Indeed, approximately 20–40% of diabetic patients develop DN [1]. The diagnosis of DN is based primarily on cl...

Laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy (DN) has been established as a useful alternative to the traditional open methods of procuring kidneys. To maximize the advantages of the laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) method, we applied natural orifice specimen extraction to LESS-DN. A 46-year-old woman with no previous abdominal surgery history volunteered to donate her left kidney to her husband and ...

Let S be a Borel subset of Polish space and F the set bounded functions f:S→R. an(·)=P(Xn+1∈·∣X1,…,Xn) n-th predictive distribution corresponding to sequence (Xn) S-valued random variables. If is conditionally identically distributed, there probability measure μ on such that ∫fdan⟶a.s.∫fdμ for all f∈F. Define Dn(f)=dn∫fdan−∫fdμ f∈F, where dn>0 constant. In this note, it shown that, under som...

ion Let τ = λx.σ. By the induction hypothesis, σ defines a function of its free variables. Let those free variables be of types D0, . . . ,Dn where Dn is the type of x. Then σ defines an approximable function g : D0 × . . .×Dn → D′ where D′ is the type of σ. Using Theorem 3.12, the function curry(g) : D0 × . . .×Dn−1 → (Dn → D′) yields an approximable function, but this is just the function def...

We report the assessment of Dentate Nuclei (DN) R1 (1/T1) and R2* (1/T2*) values in a patient with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis, exposed to 22 standard (0.1 mmol/kg) doses of gadobutrol, who underwent eight relaxometric MR measurements within 2 years. DN R1 did not significantly increase nor correlated with cumulative gadobutrol administration, even after a total dose of 130 ml. Likew...

For the RuIII/II couple in [(bpy)2ClOs(4,4′-bpy)Ru(NH3)5] (bpy ) 2,2′-bipyridine; 4,4′-bpy ) 4,4′bipyridine), E1/2 varies linearly with the donor number (DN) of the solvent with a slope of -26 ( 3 mV/DN unit ranging from nitromethane to dimethyl sulfoxide. For the OsIII/II couple, the variation is -3 ( 1 mV/DN unit. Plots of ∆E1/2 ) E1/2(2) E1/2(1) vs DN (E1/2 is the half wave potential for the...

Anticorrelation between the default network (DN) and dorsal attention network (DAN) is thought to be an intrinsic aspect of functional brain organization reflecting competing functions. However, the effect size of functional connectivity (FC) between the DN and DAN has yet to be established. Furthermore, the stability of anticorrelations across distinct DN subsystems, different contexts, and ti...