BACKGROUND Prior research has identified several components of the innate immune system that may play a significant role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), but the role of innate immunity in patients with CRS is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine differential expression of innate immunity genes in the mucosa of patients with CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and CRS w...

In order to explore the role of IL-22 in the pathogenesis of CRS, we observed the expression of IL-22 and associated factors in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect the expression of IL-22, IL-22R, STAT3, retinoic acid orphan receptor C (RORC) and aryl hydrocarbon recptor (A...

Introduction: Stroke causes high rate of mortality in different societies. The medicinal uses of saffron (Crocus sativus) have a long history. Some metabolites derived from saffron stigmas exert numerous therapeutic effects due to hypolipidemic, antitussive, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities and many others. Materials and Methods:  Experiment performed with 120 ...

This paper considers the maximum value of the permanent over the class H(m, n) of n × n Hessenberg, (0, 1)-matrices with m 1’s, and shows that among those matrices that attain the maximum value there exists a matrix with a special form. This special form determines the exact value of the maximum permanent on H(m, n) for certain values of m and n.

This final overview draws on the papers selected for this volume and other sources to identify obstacles to sexual behaviour change in the African AIDS epidemic. Limitations to existing interventions and possible new interventions are then discussed. Obstacles to behavioural change are identified as the adherence to the present sexual culture; the refusal of leaders to recognize or come to term...