The chromogenic cephalosporin nitrocefin was used to detect the presence of beta-lactamase in cerebrospinal fluid of patients suffering from ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Five samples of spinal fluid containing ampicillin-resistant isolates were studied, and all had beta-lactamase activity. When samples of spinal fluid containing 33 ampicillin-sensitive isolates and 23...

BACKGROUND Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae have caused major therapeutic problems worldwide since the majority are resistant to various antibiotics. In this study, an investigation was conducted regarding antibiotic-resistant patterns of 128 isolates of K pneumonile cultured from Iranian patients at two teaching hospitals during 2004-2005. MA...

BACKGROUND Escherichia coli producing ESBL/AmpC enzymes are unwanted in animal production chains as they may pose a risk to human and animal health. Molecular characterization of plasmids and strains carrying genes that encode these enzymes is essential to understand their local and global spread. OBJECTIVES To investigate the diversity of genes, plasmids and strains in ESBL/AmpC-producing E....

Staphylococcus aureus or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen causing pneumonia among children. To estimate the prevalence and molecular properties of S. aureus in children pneumonia in Shanghai, China, 107 hospitalized children with S. aureus pneumonia from two children's hospitals from January 2014 through June 2015 were studied. S. aureus isolates from the r...

A slide agglutination (SA) test was developed to determine the serogroup of isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae of serogroups A to F. Rabbit antisera which are normally used for serogrouping T. hyodysenteriae in an agarose gel double-diffusion precipitation test (AGDP) were not suitable for SA because they agglutinated isolates from more than one serogroup. The agglutination reaction was made ...

results fifty-three (53%) isolates were simultaneously resistant to erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin (cross-resistance); while 8 (8%) isolates had variable macrolide susceptibility pattern. among the s. aureus isolates, the difference in prevalence of resistance to erythromycin between males and females was significant (p = 0.011). the frequency of erma, ermb, ermc, and msra genes ...

The cysteine-rich 8K protein of Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) suppresses host RNA silencing. In this study, evolutionary analysisof 8K sequences of PMTV isolates was studied on the basis of nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Twenty-one positively selected sites were identified in 8K codingregions. Recombination events were found in the 8K of PMTV isolates with a rate of 1.8. Totally 30 haplotyp...

BACKGROUND The recent emergence of azithromycin-resistant (AZM-R) N. gonorrhoeae isolates that have coevolved decreased susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins has caused great concern. Here we investigated the prevalence of decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone (CRO(D)) in AZM-R isolates and genetically characterized AZM-R isolates in Guangzhou, China from 2009 to 2013. METHODS ...

Introduction: Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes (ESBLs) in E. coli creates many problems for patients. These enzymes are located on transferable elements and can hydrolyze penicillins, broad-spectrum cephalosporins, and aztreonam. This study aimed to determine the clinical isolates of E. coli producing ESBLs of blaSHV and blaTEM in the city of Zanjan. Methods: This cross...

In the periods from July to November 1995 and 1996, fecal samples from Dutch cattle and sheep were collected at the main slaughterhouses of The Netherlands, located at different geographic sites. The samples were examined for the presence of verocytotoxin (VT)-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) of serogroup 0157. E. coli O157 strains could be isolated from 57 (10.6%) of 540 adult cattle, 2 (0.5%...