In this paper we discuss about tenacity and its properties in stability calculation. We indicate relationships between tenacity and connectivity, tenacity and binding number, tenacity and toughness. We also give good lower and upper bounds for tenacity.

There are many trends in making an ecological city all around the word, one of important cases in this approach is safe and health water. According by definitions, safe and potable water is water needed for conducting the activities of man. Potable water is the most important renewable sources and this resource plays important role for survival of most living organisms as well as man based on s...

In a prospective survey, 200 cases of operated chronic dacryocystitis were divided into three groups according to the kind of operation, and the respective results are as follows: Group I includes 100 cases in whom the lacrimal bone was removed (8mm x 8mm) and a 6mm diameter catheter was used (as a duct between the lacrimal sac and nasal cavity). The recurrence rate within one year was 24 ...

Background and Objectives: Effective communication between managers and staff is a prerequisite to organization success. Cultural competence is key to effective communication. The aim of this study was to survey cultural competence in managers of selected hospitals.   Methods: Twenty teaching hospital managers and four private hospital managers of senior level participated in the study. Data ...

The systems in which information and communication technologies and systems engineering concepts are utilized to develop and improve transportation systems of all kinds are called “The Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)”. ITS integrates information, communications, computers and other technologies and uses them in the field of transportation to build an integrated system of people, roads ...

Abstract Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) is known as an important concept in marketing and management of organizations to increase the captured profitability. Total value that a customer produces during his/her lifetime is named customer lifetime value. The generated value can be calculated through different methods. Each method considers different parameters. Due to the industry, firm, business...

In recent years, researches on reinforcement learning (RL) have focused on bridging the gap between adaptive optimal control and bio-inspired learning techniques. Neural network reinforcement learning (NNRL) is among the most popular algorithms in the RL framework. The advantage of using neural networks enables the RL to search for optimal policies more efficiently in several real-life applicat...

The Ifo Investment Survey (IS) asks firms in the German manufacturing sector about the importance of technical factors, sales, finance, profit expectations, and macroeconomic policy for their investment activity in a given year. Using the survey responses to these questions, we construct measures of aggregate technology and non-technology shocks to quantify their contributions to aggregate inve...