As literate adults, we appreciate numerical values as abstract entities that can be represented by a numeral, a word, a number of lines on a scorecard, or a sequence of chimes from a clock. This abstract, notation-independent appreciation of numbers develops gradually over the first several years of life. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examine the brain mechanisms that 6-...

Abstract concepts--rules that transcend training stimuli--have been argued to be unique to some species. Pigeons, a focus of much concept-learning research, were tested for learning a matching-to-sample abstract concept. Five pigeons were trained with three cartoon stimuli. Pigeons pecked a sample 10 times and then chose which of two simultaneously presented comparison stimuli matched the sampl...

-concept learning, including same/different and matching-to-sample concept learning, provides the basis for many other forms of "higher" cognition. The issue of which species can learn abstract concepts and the extent to which abstract-concept learning is expressed across species is discussed. Definitive answers to this issue are argued to depend on the subjects' learning strategy (e.g., a rela...

ISSN: 0737-0008 (Print) 1532-690X (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/hcgi20 Effects of Variation and Prior Knowledge on Abstract Concept Learning David W. Braithwaite & Robert L. Goldstone To cite this article: David W. Braithwaite & Robert L. Goldstone (2015) Effects of Variation and Prior Knowledge on Abstract Concept Learning, Cognition and Instruction, 33:3, 226-256, ...

Concepts have been expressed mathematically as propositions in a distributive lattice. A more comprehensive formulation is that of a generalized lattice, or category, in which the concepts are related in hierarchical fashion by lattice-like links called concept morphisms. A concept morphism describes how a more abstract concept is used within a more specialized concept, as the color ”red” is us...

relation concept Every abstract object must be (not exist without ) an abstract relation with another abstract object.

Cross language-image retrieval is a problem of high interest that is at the frontier between computer vision and natural language processing. State-of-the-art methods learn a common space with regard to some constraints of correlation or similarity from two textual and visual modalities that are processed in parallel and possibly jointly. This paper proposes a different approach that considers ...

Abstract. Software understanding tools involve program modularization and visualization capabilities. However provided program modules do not always represent the accurate structure. Formal Concept Analysis and concept partition are methods to identify desirable program modules. Using concept partition, we define vertical and horizontal relation among partitions and cluster different abstract c...

AND GENERIC RIGIDITY IN THE PLANE SACHIN PATKAR, BRIGITTE SERVATIUS, AND K. V. SUBRAHMANYAM Abstract. We consider the concept of abstract 2–dimensional rigidity and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a matroid to be an abstract rigidity matroid of a complete graph. This characterization is a natural extenWe consider the concept of abstract 2–dimensional rigidity and provide necessa...