BACKGROUND Acetic acid is a byproduct of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcoholic fermentation. Together with high concentrations of ethanol and other toxic metabolites, acetic acid may contribute to fermentation arrest and reduced ethanol productivity. This weak acid is also a present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, a highly interesting non-feedstock substrate in industrial biotechnology. Therefore...

The activity of bacterial strains significantly influences the quality and the taste of vinegar. Previous studies of acetic acid bacteria have primarily focused on the ability of bacterial strains to produce high amounts of acetic acid. However, few studies have examined the production of gluconic acid during acetous fermentation at high temperatures. The production of vinegar at high temperatu...

Acids are either “strong” or “weak.” This relates to the amount of free hydrogen ions in the solution of a given concentration. Thus, nitric acid is a strong acid, since all of the nitric-acid molecules are dissociated into active hydrogen ions and nitrate ions. However, acetic acid is a weak acid. A solution of acetic acid of the same molar concentration as nitric acid would have a very differ...

Linear increments in ferulic acid concentration produce logarithmic increases in the ferulic acid-induced lag periods prior to the peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of indole-3-acetic acid in a system containing 2,4-dichlorophenol and MnCl(2) in acetate buffer at pH 5.6. Maintaining the ratio of indole-3-acetic acid to ferulic acid constant at 100 while linearly raising the ferulic acid concentrat...

The corrosion behavior of mild steel in the presence of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and carbon dioxide (CO2) has been investigated using electrochemical techniques and weight-loss measurements. Electrochemical measurements have shown that the presence of acetic acid affects predominantly the cathodic reaction. The acetic acid effect is much more pronounced at elevated temperatures when catastrophic c...

The title compound, C(8)H(9)NO(4)S, is of inter-est as a precursor to biologically active sulfur-containing heterocyclic cmpounds. The crystal structure displays the classical O-H⋯O inter-molecular hydrogen bonding typical for carboxylic acids forming dimers. Symmetry-related dimers are, in turn, linked through head-to-tail pairs of inter-molecular N-H⋯O inter-actions, giving rise to a zigzag c...

The compound 3-(2’-methyl-4’-amino-S’-pyrimidylmethyl)-4-methylthiazole-S-acetic acid (thiamine acetic acid) has been identified as an intermediate in the metabolism of thiamine by a soil microorganism. Evidence is presented which indicates the compound 2-oxy-3-(2’-methyl-4’-amino5’-pyrimidylmethyl)-4-methylthiazole-S-acetic acid (2-oxythiamine acetic acid) is also an intermediate in the metabo...