The mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of cannabidiol (CBD) were studied in vivo using a hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury model in newborn pigs. One- to two-day-old piglets were exposed to HI for 30 min by interrupting carotid blood flow and reducing the fraction of inspired oxygen to 10%. Thirty minutes after HI, the piglets were treated with vehicle (HV) or 1 mg/kg CBD, alone...

CONTEXT Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by diverse metabolic and functional abnormalities that occur in, among other regions, the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC), a cortical region linked to anhedonia. OBJECTIVES To contextualize metabolic, functional, and clinical parameters and thus to reveal cellular mechanisms related to anhedonia. DESIGN The pgACC was inves...

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we investigate the existence of a temporal window of brain vulnerability in rats undergoing repeat mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) delivered at increasing time intervals. METHODS: Rats were subjected to two diffuse mTBIs (450 g/1 m height) with the second mTBI delivered after 1 (n 6), 2 (n 6), 3 (n 6), 4 (n 6), and 5 days (n 6) and sacrificed 48 hours after t...

Alterations in motor function in cervical myelopathy secondary to degenerative disease may be due to local effects of spinal compression or distal effects related to cortical reorganization. This prospective study characterizes differences in metabolite levels in the motor cortex, specifically N-acetylaspartate, creatine, choline, myo-inositol and glutamate plus glutamine, due to alterations in...

Concussive head injury opens a temporary window of brain vulnerability due to the impairment of cellular energetic metabolism. As experimentally demonstrated, a second mild injury occurring during this period can lead to severe brain damage, a condition clinically described as the second impact syndrome. To corroborate the validity of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in monitoring cerebra...

A short introduction to the description of in vivo (1)H MR spectra is given. The parameters important for successful measurement and interpretation of spectra are discussed. Basic metabolites visible in proton MR spectra are described and the attention is paid to N acetylaspartate, creatine and cholines.

Materials and methods: The charts of 29 patients with low grade gliomas were collected. Only in 19 cases of them an NMR-spectroscopic examination was performed. Due to choline, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and lipid content the gliomas were classified into astrocytoma WHO II or III or in low or high grade gliomas. After stereotactic biopsy or neurosurgical removal histopathological examination was p...

BACKGROUND In multiple sclerosis (MS), the epsilon4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE epsilon4) has been associated with more rapid clinical worsening and more severe tissue damage on magnetic resonance imaging. OBJECTIVE To use proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) to further explore the biochemical changes in the brains of patients with MS associated with APOE epsilon4. DESIGN ...

OBJECTIVES To set up a novel simple, sensitive, and reliable ion-pairing HPLC method for the synchronous separation of several purines, pyrimidines, N-acetylated amino acids, and dicarboxylic acids for the chemical diagnosis and screening of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). DESIGN AND METHODS The separation was set up using a Hypersil C-18, 5-microm particle size, 250 x 4.6 mm column, and a...