Endoscopic image of achalasia usually shows dilated esophageal cavity with retained liquids and foods. Recently, "pinstripe pattern" (PSP) in the case of achalasia patient was reported as an endoscopic image of the indicator for early detection of achalasia. The typical endoscopic image of PSP can be recognized in this case.

Mostly, achalasia has an insidious onset and the patients often had an odyssey of consultations of physicians and medical specialists before the correct diagnosis is made. It is all the more important to discuss achalasia in university and to remember it in the right situation – be it when examining patients or during exams. Below is a discussion of all the important information concerning acha...

BACKGROUND Achalasia is an infrequent primary motility disorder of the esophagus. Because of uncertain etiology, treatment is only palliative and is directed at decreasing lower esophageal sphincter pressure, improving esophageal emptying and relieving the symptoms of achalasia. Current treatment options include pharmacological, endoscopic and surgical. We undertook a systematic literature revi...

Generally accepted manometric criteria for the diagnosis of achalasia are absent peristalsis and incomplete lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation. However, in some patients with otherwise typical features of achalasia, esophageal manometry shows complete LES relaxation during swallowing. To establish whether such apparently complete LES relaxations are functionally adequate, we quantified...

Mostly, achalasia has an insidious onset and the patients often had an odyssey of consultations of physicians and medical specialists before the correct diagnosis is made. It is all the more important to discuss achalasia in university and to remember it in the right situation – be it when examining patients or during exams. Below is a discussion of all the important information concerning acha...

Mostly, achalasia has an insidious onset and the patients often had an odyssey of consultations of physicians and medical specialists before the correct diagnosis is made. It is all the more important to discuss achalasia in university and to remember it in the right situation – be it when examining patients or during exams. Below is a discussion of all the important information concerning acha...

Mostly, achalasia has an insidious onset and the patients often had an odyssey of consultations of physicians and medical specialists before the correct diagnosis is made. It is all the more important to discuss achalasia in university and to remember it in the right situation – be it when examining patients or during exams. Below is a discussion of all the important information concerning acha...

Of 167 patients with achalasia asked to provide details of swallowing difficulties among their first degree relatives, 159 completed the survey (95% response rate). One thousand and twelve first degree relatives were identified, and 14 were reported to have dysphagia including two with reported achalasia. Review of the case notes of these 14 relatives showed, however, that in none was achalasia...

There is little mention in the literature about achalasia as an etiologic factor of Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP). In this study, a case of BOOP, which appeared to be secondary to achalasia is reported. A 35 years old man present with nonproductive cough, chills and fever from two month ago. Due to permanent consolidation in mid zone of right lung and unresponsive to anti...

OBJECTIVE ACTH resistance syndromes are rare, autosomal, and genetically heterogeneous diseases that include familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) and triple A syndrome. FGD has been shown to segregate with mutations in the gene coding for ACTH receptor (MC2R) or melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein (MRAP), whereas mutations in the triple A syndrome (AAAS, Allgrove syndrome) gene have b...