Results from the 2006 Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) show that for New Zealand’s Grade 4 students, those with a more positive attitude to reading tended to have higher reading literacy achievement (Chamberlain, 2007; Mullis, Martin, Kennedy, & Foy, 2007). However, in their analysis of PIRLS data English-speaking countries, Gnaldi, Schagen, Twist, and Morrison (2005), s...

The present research tested the hypothesis that the implicit need for achievement (n Achievement) predicts attenuated cortisol (C) responses to difficult tasks, because it represents a propensity to view difficulty as a cue to mastery reward. In two studies, n Achievement was assessed through content-coding of imaginative stories and salivary C was assessed both at baseline and post-task. In St...

Entrepreneurial intention is affected by various factors, namely the need for achievement and risk-taking propensity. This study aims to fill a research gap regarding numerous previous studies about Student Entrepreneurship Program (PMW). However, there has not been that involved propensity mediating entrepreneurial attitudes as form among Generation Z of PMW participants. The approach quantita...

introduction: study skills and students’ satisfaction with their performance positively affect their academic achievement. the current research was carried out to investigate the correlation of study skills with academic achievement among the medical and pharmacy students in 2013. methods: this descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 148 students of basic medical sciences and pharmacy thr...

background it is obvious that most of informal learnings of social skills and constructive plays occur in school yards and play-fields where children spend much of their non-official time of teaching. this study aimed to investigate the impact of schools' open space on learning and educational achievement of elementary students in ahvaz, southwest of iran. materials and methods at a cross-...