676 Interestingly, both chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are reported to significantly decrease serum cholesterol levels, hence neutralizing the dyslipidemia seen in systemic lupus erythematosus patients taking steroids.[6,7] Chloroquine is shown to be a potent inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis by isolated rat hepatocytes. It does not affect fatty acid synthesis by isolated hepatocytes, s...

Human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to two contiguous epitopes in the V3 loop of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope have shown different effects on three distinct strains of the virus: neutralization, enhancement, or resistance to both processes. Only one amino acid in the mAb epitopes proximal to the crown of the V3 loop was different among these three strains. Substitutio...

Epitopes that drive the initial autologous neutralizing antibody response in HIV-1-infected individuals could provide insights for vaccine design. Although highly strain specific, these epitopes are immunogenic, vulnerable to antibody attack on infectious virus, and could be involved in the ontogeny of broadly neutralizing antibody responses. To delineate such epitopes, we used site-directed mu...

Regardless of barriers linked to the patient’s age and behaviour, restoring primary teeth can be technically challenging, researchers have long searched for an appropriate replacement glass ionomer cement, composites, silver amalgam that is cost-effective, fluoride-releasing, convenient use, fulfils both strength acceptable aesthetics. An Alkasite a resin -based modified composite restorative m...

A conserved epitope is an epitope retained by multiple strains of influenza as the key target of a broadly neutralizing antibody. Identification of conserved epitopes is of strong interest to help design broad-spectrum vaccines against influenza. Conservation score measures the evolutionary conservation of an amino acid position in a protein based on the phylogenetic relationships observed amon...

A set of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against the GP(5) protein of European type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been produced previously (Weiland et al., 1999). This set reacted with a plaque-purified virus (PPV) subpopulation of Dutch isolate Intervet-10 (I-10), but not with the European prototype PRRSV LV. In order to map the neutralizati...