Among the diierent r/n redundancies, it is necessary to distinguish between the (classic) case of active redundancies (hot standby) and the case of passive redundancies (cold standby) presenting failures at calling instant. This paper deals with passive redundancy including such solicitation failures: redundancy elements only operate in case of the failure of initial elements and have a non neg...

One characteristic of biological organisms that is desirable in engineering systems is the ability to tolerate faults in their components. Fault tolerance in artificial cellular systems is generally achieved by either timeredundancy or hardware-redundancy. In hardware redundancy spare cells are introduced so that when an active cell fails, a spare substitutes it. In the embryonic hardware archi...

This paper presents a robot control system using force control on a redundant industrial robot. The control system is based upon an active force feedback system using six axes force sensor attached to the robot’s end effector. The redundancy is used to explore a model for singularity avoidance based on different states of redundancy. The system is implemented and tested experimentally for one o...

Multiprocessor systems make it possible to reduce program execution time by using parallel processing. We present an architecture that implements triple modular redundancy (TMR) in FTAG (Fault Tolerant Attribute Grammar): a functional and attribute based model[2]. A replication scheme is developed for this architecture where three instances of a replicated job called replica are active at di er...

| In this paper, the combination of signal shaping and coding in mul-tilevel coding schemes is discussed. It is shown that for optimized discrete Gaus-sian distributed signal points the gap to the Shannon limit is negligible. Since for nite constellations coding and shaping are not separable, the optimum sharing of the total redundancy between coding and shaping is derived. It turns out that fo...

1 Focus and anaphoric destressing Consider a pronunciation of (1) with prominence on the capitalized noun phrases. In terms of a relational notion of prominence, the subject NP she] is prominent within the clause S she beats me], and NP Sue] is prominent within the clause S Sue beats me]. This prosody seems to have the pragmatic function of putting the two clauses into opposition, with prominen...

This paper addresses the mixed integer reliability redundancy allocation problems to determine simultaneous allocation of optimal reliability and redundancy level of components based on three objective goals. System engineering principles suggest that the best design is the design that maximizes the system operational effectiveness and at the same time minimizes the total cost of ownership (TCO...

In this paper we describe a surveillance system made up of a fixed camera and a binocular active vision system. The fixed camera is used to provide the system with peripheral motion detection capabilities. The binocular active system is used to track in 3D and reconstruct the trajectories of specific targets. Both are fully integrated and the redundancy is exploited to achieve a higher degree o...

Active learning traditionally relies on instance based utility measures to rank and select instances for labeling, which may result in labeling redundancy. To address this issue, we explore instance utility from two dimensions: individual uncertainty and instance disparity, using a correlation matrix. The active learning is transformed to a semi-definite programming problem to select an optimal...

The purpose of this paper is twofold: we first present a novel architecture for real-time active vision systems, and then enhance the architecture with a un$ed approach to fault tolerance. Our system is designed modularly in order to enable the flexible addition of hardware and sojiware redundancy and also to allow reconfiguration when and where needed. This gives us the ability to handle fault...