Leucomycin (Kitasamycin) is a macrolide antibiotic having activity against gram-positive bacteria and certain Mycoplasma strains. Comparison of antimicrobial activities of the variuos leucomycin congeners (I-X) indicates a clear structure-activity relationship among them. The acylation of the 3-hydroxy group somewhat reduces the in vitro activity while the acylation of the 4"-hydroxy group of m...

2.1. Kinetic Resolution of Alcohols and Amines 2987 2.2. Ketene Acylation 2995 2.3. Cycloadditions 2996 2.3.1. â-Lactone Formation 2996 2.3.2. â-Lactam Formation 2997 2.3.3. Ketene Dimerization 2999 2.4. Halogenation 3000 2.5. Baylis−Hillman Reactions 3000 2.6. Desymmetrization of Cyclic Anhydrides 3002 2.7. C-Acylation 3004 2.8. Cyanation 3004 3. Solid Phase Chemistry 3007 3.1. Solution Cataly...

S U M M A R Y The method of digestion with pancreatic lipase for determining the position of fatty acids in triglycerides has been modified to increase its accurary and ease of applicability. Moreover, by acylation of partial glycerides with a “marker” fatty acid, the method can be used for determining the structure of monoand diglycerides. Evidence is presented which demonstrates that acylatio...

Protein N-myristoylation occurs by a covalent attachment of a C14:0 fatty acid to the N-terminal Gly residue. This reaction is catalyzed by a N-myristoyltransferase that uses myristoyl-coenzyme A as substrate. But proteins in the retina also undergo heterogeneous N-acylation with C14:2, C14:1, and C12:0 fatty acids. The basis and the role of this retina-specific phenomenon are poorly understood...

S-acylation of eukaryotic proteins is the reversible attachment of palmitic or stearic acid to cysteine residues, catalysed by protein S-acyl transferases that share an Asp-His-His-Cys (DHHC) motif. Previous evidence suggests that in Arabidopsis S-acylation is involved in the control of cell size, polarity and the growth of pollen tubes and root hairs. Using a combination of yeast genetics, bio...

Protein fatty acylation regulates diverse aspects of cellular function and organization and plays a key role in host immune responses to infection. Acylation also modulates the function and localization of virus-encoded proteins. Here, we employ chemical proteomics tools, bio-orthogonal probes, and capture reagents to study myristoylation and palmitoylation during infection with herpes simplex ...

OASL1 is a member of the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) family and promotes viral clearance by activating RNase L. OASL1 interacts with the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of interferon regulatory factor 7 (Irf7) and inhibits its translation. To identify the secondary structure required for OASL1 binding, we examined the 5'-UTR of the Irf7 transcript using "selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation a...

Highly efficient and regioselective acylation of pharmacologically interesting gastrodin with vinyl undecylenic acid has been firstly performed through an enzymatic approach. The highest catalytic activity and regioselectivity towards the acylation of 7'-hydroxyl of gastrodin was obtained with Pseudomonas cepacia lipase. In addition, it was observed the lipase displayed higher activity in the e...