Protein AMPylation is a posttranslational modification (PTM) defined as the transfer of an adenosine monophosphate (AMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to a hydroxyl side-chain of a protein substrate. One recently reported AMPylator enzyme, Vibrio outer protein S (VopS), plays a role in pathogenesis by AMPylation of Rho GTPases, which disrupts crucial signaling pathways, leading to eventual ...

Marine mammals are exposed to ischemia/reperfusion and hypoxia/reoxygenation during diving. During oxygen deprivation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) breakdown implies purine metabolite accumulation, which in humans is associated with pathological conditions. Purine recycling in seals increases in response to prolonged fasting and ischemia. Concentrations of metabolites and activities of key enzy...

We present a nanoplasmonic aptasensor for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by using single gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as probes. The specific aptamer-ATP binding induced conformational change could modulate the surface-dependent self-catalytic growth of GNPs, which enabled the detection of ATP with ultra-sensitivity and selectivity.

Endothelial cells (ECs) represent a major source of actively secreted adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Natural killer (NK) cells can mediate vascular injury in several pathologic conditions, including cytomegalovirus infection and vascular leak syndrome. We studied NK-cell expression of P2 receptors and the role of these nucleotide receptors in the regulation of endothelial-NK cell cross-talk. NK ...

In order to ascertain optimum conditions for biocatalytic processes carried out in vitro, we have designed a bio-opto-electronic system which ensures real-time compensation for depletion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in reactions involving transfer of phosphate groups. The system covers ATP concentration range of 2-48 μM. The report demonstrates feasibility of the device operation using apyra...

Ecto-purines and ecto-pyrimidines are present in the extracellular space of the central nervous system (CNS). Together with P1 and P2 receptors and nucleotides metabolizing ecto-enzymes, they make signaling system involved in neurotransmission, the modulation of sensory signals, including pain stimuli conduction, and the induction of apoptosis and necrosis of the cells. Purines and pyrimidines ...

BackgroundEnvironmental cleaning is an effective measure to prevent infections. However, performance observation has been rarely delineated. This study aimed compare correlations among visual inspection, observation, and effectiveness by using adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence (ATP bioluminescence) as a comparator find out which method better assess hospital cleanliness.MethodsThis prospec...

A biosensor was developed for directly detecting human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) based on stable reproducible gold nanoparticles/polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (AuNP/PS-b-P2VP) nanocomposites. The substrates were functionalized with carboxylic acid groups the covalent binding of anti-IgG anti-ATP detection IgG ATP (1 to 150 ?g/mL). SEM images nanocomposite sho...

OBJECTIVE Effects on platelet aggregation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from damaged cells and from platelets undergoing exocytosis have not been clearly established. In this study we report on the effects of ATP on platelet aggregation in whole blood. METHODS AND RESULTS Aggregation, measured using a platelet-counting technique, occurred in response to ATP and was maximal at 10 to...

The adenosine triphosphate3 of Thiobacillus thiooxidans is of special interest because LePage and Umbreit (1943b) presented evidence that it differs from the adenosine triphosphate of other organisms by having the phosphate groups attached to the 3' instead of the 5' position of adenosine. All other bacteria and higher organisms so far examined contain adenosine-5'triphosphate (5'-ATP). Since d...