Surgery often serves as a valuable adjunct in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema. The operation of tracheostomy contributes to treatment by: (1) reducing the respiratory dead space, (2) diminishing the collapse of the bronchi on expiration, (3) facilitating tracheobronchial aspiration, and (4) permitting the local instillation of therapeutic agents. Recently modifications...

The term basic life support (BLS) refers to maintaining an airway and supporting breathing and the circulation. It comprises the following elements: initial assessment, airway maintenance, expired air ventilation (rescue breathing; mouth-to-mouth ventilation) and chest compression. When all are combined the term cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is used. BLS implies that no equipment is used;...

BACKGROUND The present study was conducted to assess whether cytology can help in rapid diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms and thus facilitate individualised treatment. METHODS A prospective investigation was performed on 30 cases of suspected ovarian neoplasms. Imprint smears were made intraperatively from fresh samples from various representative areas, and stained with Leishman Giemsa for air-...

We studied 20 patients undergoing thoracotomy, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of intercostal bupivacaine. Bupivacaine 0.25% was infused at 5 ml h-1 through each of two catheters placed in the intercostal space at operation. Mean (95% confidence limits) 24-h requirements for morphine from a patient-controlled analgesia device were 29 (22-37) mg during bupivacaine infusion ...

Neuromuscular blockade is a pharmacological adjunct for anesthesia and for surgical interventions. Neuromuscular blockers can facilitate ease of instrumentation and reduce complications associated with intubation. An undesirable sequela of these agents is residual neuromuscular blockade. Residual neuromuscular blockade is linked to aspiration, diminished response to hypoxia, and obstruction of ...

In 44 consecutive patients undergoing elective open heart surgery (OHS), serial electrocardiograms (ECG), vectorcardiograms (VCG), serum CPK, cardiac isoenzymes (CPKMB), and myocardial images using Tc-99m pyrophosphate were obtained, before and after the operation, for the detection of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Twenty-nine patients developed one or more positive tests postoperatively. ...

In the past, a surgeon working on the Fuchs’ eye would use intensive topical steroid for the postoperative weeks. However, in the last decade a shift to the fore of intraocular drugs has made these agents a valuable adjunct to cataract surgery. When removing cataract from eyes with noninfectious uveitis I routinely employ a dose of intravitreal steroid. This approach results in a settled course...

An algorithm of phrase structure building is proposed within the bare phrase structure framework. The algorithm is rooted in the idea that applications of Merge -the operation that combines syntactic objects -should not change the set of basic relations (in particular, c-command) in the existing structure, what Chomsky (2000) terms 'Least Tampering'. Under the proposed algorithm, this idea tran...

PURPOSE Debate on adjunct screening in women with dense breasts has followed legislation requiring that women be informed about their mammographic density and related adjunct imaging. Ultrasound or tomosynthesis can detect breast cancer (BC) in mammography-negative dense breasts, but these modalities have not been directly compared in prospective trials. We conducted a trial of adjunct screenin...

Introduction. The project started with an innocuous attempt by one of the authors (it is obvious who) to learn TjjX for translating a Greek book on Mechanics, only to find that lacked the bold upright Greek lowercase letters used for symbolizing vectors such as o and @ for angular velocity vectors. After some trials with variations of "poor man's bold" ( T h e T&Xbook, p.386) it became clear th...