hypothalamic-hypophyseal complex, the gonads, pancreatic islet cells, adrenal glands, thyroid glands, parathyroid glands, ultimobranchial glands and the endocrine cells of the gut. All these organs release hormones into the bloodstream, which act on target tissues by interacting with receptors on the surface of the cell (peptide hormones) or within the cytoplasm or nucleus of the cell (steroid ...

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the low-dose dexamethasone suppression (LDDS) test and the size of the adrenal glands via ultrasonography in cats with diabetes mellitus. Twenty-two cats were enrolled in the study. In 19 cats, suppression of cortisol concentrations below 5.5 nmol/litre occurred four and eight hours after intravenous administration of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg). In on...

Adrenal length and width were determined from two-dimensional ultrasound longitudinal images. In study 1, 540 measurements of adrenal glands were attempted from five healthy beagle dogs by three different observers with different levels of expertise in ultrasonography, to determine the variability of adrenal gland measurements. Of these, 484 measurements were included in the statistical analysi...

5. The patient may be killed by an excess of salt, fluid or DCA; the venous pressure does not give warning of this. Autopsy may reveal pleural and pericardial effusions when there was no rise of venous pressure in life. Chronic adrenal insufficiency is usually due to destruction or atrophy of the adrenal glands but it may complicate hypopituitarism and it may accompany adreno-genital virilism. ...

The damage to the adrenal glands of rats that occurs after the administration of climethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) is pre ceded by a severe, often lethal, generalized toxicity and bone marrow destruction. Protection of the adrenal glands is afforded by administration of methylcholanthrene (3-MC), small doses of DMBA, or other substances, if administered 24 hours prior to the toxic dose of DMBA. Th...

leptin is secreted mainly by fat, which is involved in energy metabolism and reproduction. leptin and itsreceptor (ob-r) have been detected in human spermatozoa and testis, thus it can be concluded leptin involves in male physiology. the goal of this study was determination of the presence of leptin receptor mrna in the ram testis, epididymis and spermatozoa by reverse transcription polymerase ...

Myelolipomas are rare benign tumors composed of mature fat and hematopoietic elements. They are most often discovered incidentally within the adrenal glands, with extra-adrenal myelolipomas being extremely rare tumors. We report a case of multifocal omental extra-adrenal myelolipoma in a patient who had undergone bilateral adrenalectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an i...

The adrenal glands are essential to life. Surgical treatment is governed by whether one or both the glands is involved. Both the cortex and medulla of each gland exercise important physiological functions. When diseased, they give rise to clear-cut endocrine syndromes, but the clinical picture may become obscured by polyglandular interaction. Adrenal disease, as a consequence, is diagnosed earl...

According to Professor R. B. Greenblatt, probably the first account in the western world of the adrenal glands is to be found in the Bible. In his work Search the Scriptures (1977), he cites the clear case of monozygotic twins, the Biblical twins, Esau and Jacob, the first being described as exceptionally hairy and strong, possibly presenting the symptoms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, wher...