• Variation in endophytic fungal diversity closely associated with roots, stems and leaves of common reed (Phragmites australis) is reported here at sites with different oxygen conditions. • Fungi isolated from surface-sterilized reed tissue were identified and characterized by morphological and molecular methods including internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis from two dry and two...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Formation of root cortical aerenchyma (RCA) can be induced by nutrient deficiency. In species adapted to aerobic soil conditions, this response is adaptive by reducing root maintenance requirements, thereby permitting greater soil exploration. One trade-off of RCA formation may be reduced radial transport of nutrients due to reduction in living cortical tissue. To test this ...

BACKGROUND Higher plants are aerobic organisms which suffer from the oxygen deficiency imposed by partial or total submergence. However, some plant species have developed strategies to avoid or withstand severe oxygen shortage and, in some cases, the complete absence of oxygen (tissue anoxia) for considerable periods of time. SCOPE Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the few plant species that can ...

The Eocene (~ 48.7 Ma, Ypresian-Lutetian) Princeton Chert of British Columbia, Canada, has long been recognized as a significant paleobotanical locality, and a diverse assemblage of anatomically preserved fossil plants has been extensively documented. Co-occurring fossil fungi also have been observed, but the full scope of their diversity has yet to be comprehensively assessed. Here, we present...

Black willow (Salix nigra) cuttings are used for streambank stabilization where they are subjected to a range of soil moisture conditions including flooding. Flooding has been shown to adversely impact cutting performance, and improved understanding of natural adaptations to flooding might suggest handling and planting techniques to enhance success. However, data assessing the root aeration in ...

Lepidium latifolium, perennial pepperweed, is an exotic crucifer that has spread explosively in recent years in wetlands and riparian areas of the western United States. Adaptive responses of L. latifolium to different durations of 0, 3, 7, 15, 30 and 50-day soil flooding treatment were investigated. Biomass allocation, adventitious rooting, aerenchyma development and ethylene production in pla...

1 Plant species are known to segregate along small-scale flooding gradients. We tested whether differences in flooding duration can also result in genetic differentiation in the clonal species Ranuneu/us replans, which naturally grows in both a lakeside microhabi tat and a landside microhabitat with shorter periods of flooding. 2 We compared traits related to fitness, and clonal life-history tr...