A system for the formation of an aflatoxin B1-reduced glutathione conjugate in vitro was developed, capable of yielding 80% conversion of aflatoxin B1 into the conjugate. A reverse-phase high-pressure-liquid-chromatography system was also devised that not only facilitates improved resolution of the compound but that, by manipulation of the pH, is also capable of an extensive purification of the...

The present study was conducted to determine whether or not aflatoxin B1 was an effective inducing agent for lysogenic bacteria and to characterize some of the parameters involved in induction. A lysogenic strain of Bacillus megaterium (NRRL-B-3695) and an indicator strain of this species (NRRL-B-3694) were used. Cultures of the lysogenic strain were incubated for various periods of time in the...

This paper describes the effect of temperature on the level of aflatoxin production in Mucuna pruriens seeds. The highest level of aflatoxin B1 (1.75 micrograms/g) was detected in the samples incubated at 25 degrees C for three weeks. At 20, 30, and 35 degrees C, aflatoxin levels were 0.30 to 0.56, 0.37 to 1.20, and 0.26 to 0.65 micrograms/g, respectively. The lowest concentration of aflatoxin ...

The physiological effects of DL-ethionine and related methionine analogs upon cellular protein synthesis and methyl group transfer to aflatoxin B1 in Aspergillus parasiticus were examined in growing and resting cell systems. The addition of DL-ethionine (0.02 M) to growing mycelia inhibits cellular growth some 37% after 120 h of development. Addition of ethionine before 50 h prevents any aflato...

Twelve forms of human hepatic cytochrome P450 were expressed in hepatoma cells by means of recombinant vaccinia viruses. The expressed P450s were analyzed for their abilities to activate the potent hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1 to metabolites having mutagenic or DNA-binding properties. Five forms, P450s IA2, IIA3, IIB7, IIIA3, and IIIA4, activated aflatoxin B1 to mutagenic metabolites as assess...

Butylated hydroxytoluene pretreatment in the rat enhanced the total in vitro metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by the hepatic postmitochondrial fraction (S-9) and increased the formation of aflatoxin M1, aflatoxin Q1 and a metabolite tentatively identified as the aflatoxin-glutathione conjugate, the latter being the major metabolite produced. Addition of diethyl maleate, a glutathione depletor, to the...

Sorghum is Ethiopia's main staple meal and the most significant nutritional security crop. Aflatoxin contamination in sorghum grains has been documented all across world, including Ethiopia. Therefore, use of resistant genotype considered to be feasible means mitigate problem. Thus, 20 genotypes were evaluated vitro for their reaction aflatoxin at Haramaya University School Plant Sciences, crop...

The effectiveness of microwave heating has been evaluated for the detoxification aflatoxins contaminated peanut and products. products comprise various confectionery such as brittle toffee, slabs sugar jaggery, roasted salted butter which were highly with B1 ranging from 5 to 183µg/kg aflatoxin B2 7 46.7µg/kg. level was determined subsequently treated heating, resulted in reduction content. coo...