Ethanol in gasoline can favorably impact mobile source emissions in five main air quality areas: these areas are fine particulate matter (e.g., PM2.5), carbon monoxide, toxics, ozone, and global warming. In this era of credit trading and with new data there is always a lot to do to integrate these air quality areas with respect to ethanol. For example, ethanol currently is the only compound tha...

The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendment (CAAA) empowered the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to set emission standards for a number of potentially hazardous air pollutants (HAPS) generated by a variety of specific combustion sources. Eleven elements (or compounds of these elements) present in coal are among the 189 pollutants identified as air toxics by the CAAA legislation. Mercury is incl...

Many organizations interested in renewable, domestic energy have switched from petroleum diesel to biodiesel blends for use in transportation and heavy-duty equipment. Although considerable evidence exists on the negative health effects of petroleum diesel exhaust exposures in occupational settings, there has been little research examining biodiesel exposures. Working collaboratively with a loc...

Air toxics emission inventories play an important role in air quality regulatory activities. Recently, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) staff compiled a comprehensive air toxics emission inventory for 1996. While acquiring data on the mass of emissions is a necessary first step, equally important is developing information on the potential toxicity of the emitted pollutants. To account ...