BACKGROUND/AIMS Acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) is a fruit that is known to contain high amounts of ascorbic acid (AA) and various phytochemicals. We have previously reported that AA deficiency leads to ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin pigmentation in senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) hairless mice. The present study was undertaken to investigate the e...

(3) To prove that Zp forms a field, we first have to make sense of what Zp actually is, and what the addition/product operations are. Consider the set of integers Z. For i = 0, 1, . . . , p − 1, let Ai be the subset of Z consisting of all j such that j ≡ i (mod p) (i.e. p|(j − i)). For example, A0 comprises of all multiples of p, while A1 = {. . . , 1, p + 1, 2p + 1, . . . }. Then the disjoint ...

Note that for f(x) = e − 1, (1.1) becomes a logistic equation with piecewise constant arguments. Definition 1.1 The zero solution of (1.1) is said to be uniformly stable, if for any ε > 0 and nonnegative integer n0, there is a δ = δ(ε) > 0 such that max{|x(n0 − j)| | j = −k,−k + 1, · · · , 0} < δ, implies that the solution {x(n)}n=0 of (1.1) satisfies |x(n)| < ε, n = n0, n0 + 1, · · · . Definit...

Consider random symmetric Toeplitz matrices Tn = (ai−j) n i,j=1 with matrix entries aj , j = 0, 1, 2, · · · , being independent real random variables such that E[aj ] = 0, E[|aj |] = 1 for j = 0, 1, 2, · · · , (homogeneity of 4-th moments) κ = E[|aj |], and further (uniform boundedness) sup j≥0 E[|aj |] = Ck <∞ for k ≥ 3. Under the assumption of a0 ≡ 0, we prove a central limit theorem for line...

k=1 |ak|, in which C = (cj,k) and the parameter p are assumed fixed (p > 1), and the estimate is to hold for all complex sequences a. The lp operator norm of C is then defined as the p-th root of the smallest value of the constant U : ||C||p,p = U 1 p . Hardy’s inequality thus asserts that the Cesáro matrix operator C, given by cj,k = 1/j, k ≤ j and 0 otherwise, is bounded on lp and has norm ≤ ...

Based on constant term evaluation, we present a new method to compute a closed form of the summation ∑n−1 k=0 ∏r j=1 Fj(ajn+bjk+cj), where {Fj(k)} are C-finite sequences and aj and aj+bj are nonnegative integers. Our algorithm is much faster than that of Greene and Wilf. Résumé. En s’appuyant sur l’évaluation de termes constants, nous présentons une nouvelle méthode pour calculer une forme clos...

Transformation of cultured chick lens epithelial cells with a temperature-sensitive mutant of Rous sarcoma virus (tsRSV) leads to radical changes in cell shape and interactions. When cultured at the restrictive temperature (42 degrees C), the transformed cells largely retained epithelial morphology and intercellular adherens junctions (AJ), whereas on switch to the permissive temperature (37 de...

The reproductive strategy of two congeneric species (Astyanax janeiroensis--AJ and Astyanax hastatus--AH) was assessed, in order to address the costs imposed by different investment patterns, on four major life history characters: migratory behaviour, breeding time, fecundity and egg size. Altitudinal segregation of young and adult individuals plus data from the literature indicated that AJ is ...

Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSDIa) is a severe autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the enzyme D-glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase). While numerous mutations have been found in cosmopolitan European populations, Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) patients appear to primarily carry the R83C mutation, but possibly also the Q347X mutation found generally in Caucasians. To determine the freque...