Cuticular hydrocarbons of an ectoparasitic wasp attacking two beetle hosts have been identified and examined for the influence of age, gender, mating status, and host on hydrocarbon composition. The 37 wasp hydrocarbons identified consisted of a series of n-alkanes (C16 to C33), 3-, 5-, 9-, 10-, 11-, and 12-methyl alkanes and a series of Z-7 and Z-9 monoenes (C23:1 to C27:1). One C25:2 diene wa...

The self-diffusion coefficient of hydrogen (H(2)), carbon monoxide (CO) and water (H(2)O) in n-alkanes was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. Diffusion in a few pure n-alkanes (namely n-C(8), n-C(20), n-C(64) and n-C(96)) was examined. In addition, binary n-C(12)-n-C(96) mixtures with various compositions as well as more realistic five- and six-n-alkane component mixtures were simulated....

In a feeding trial with 24 sheep, we used the alkanes, long-chain alcohols (LCOH) or both of these plant wax markers, to estimate the diet composition of animals offered diets comprising alkane-labelled cottonseed meal (CSM) together with up to four forages. The diets used were: Diet 1 subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum); Diet 2 subterranean clover + phalaris (Phalaris aquatica); Diet ...

In a feeding trial with sheep, four animals each were fed one of the three roughages (perennial ryegrass (PR), meadow fescue (MF) and red clover (RC)) or one of the four different mixtures (g/day 250 : 250 : 250, 375 : 75 : 300, 525 : 187.5 : 37.5 and 75 : 525 : 150, respectively) of those three roughages, both with and without the inclusion of 100 g of beeswax-labelled barley. Further, four sh...

A new strain of Prototheca zopfii Krüger was grown on acetate or on pure n-alkanes. A maximum acetate-supported exponential growth of 12 divisions day occurred at pH 5 and 30 degrees C. At 25 degrees C, growth on n-alkanes was almost as fast, but no growth occurred at 30 degrees C. After 4 days at 25 degrees C, 34 to 45% of the n-alkanes had been removed, whereas at 21 degrees C and slower grow...

the aim of this research was to optimize bioremediation of seawater samples spiked with 1000 mg/l crude oil for removal of n-alkanes (c12h26 to c34h70). bioaugmentation experiments were performed at laboratory scale: each bioreactor contained 250 ml dispersed crude-oil-contaminated seawater, indigenous acclimatized microorganism and nitrogen and phosphorus at concentrations based on central com...

One of the difficulties in reporting accurate radiocarbon results from compoundspecific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) is the lack of suitable process standard materials to correct for the amount and C content of carbon added during extensive sample processing. We evaluated the use of n-alkanes extracted from modern grass material (1.224 ±0.006 fraction modern) as process standards for CSRA. The n...

Eight electronic properties; HUMO, LUMO, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, dipole moment point-charge, hybrid, molecular weight, heat of formation and zero-point 60 normal branched alkanes were examined using topology indices. All the properties calculated semi-empirical self-consistent orbital theory. The relationship calculation with seven models indices based on degree and/or distance obtained in terms ...

A generalized relation is presented to correlate liquid–vapor surface tension with viscosity, both for pure compounds and mixtures. Plots of different data sets verify that the natural logarithm of the surface tension is linear with the reciprocal viscosity, with slope-dependent on the molecular weight and constant intercept for n-alkanes with chain length greater than n-C10H22. For these, the ...