Partially coherent standard and elegant Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams of all orders are introduced as a natural extension of coherent standard and elegant LG beams to the stochastic domain. By expanding the LG modes into a finite sum of Hermite-Gaussian modes, the analytical formulae are obtained for the cross-spectral densities of partially coherent standard and elegant LG beams in the source p...

Using appropriate training data is necessary to robustly recognize low-resolution characters by the subspace method. Former learning methods used characters actually captured by a camera, which required the collection of characters of all categories in various conditions. In this paper, we propose a new learning method that generates training data by a point spread function estimated beforehand...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The mission of the medicine and pharmacy programs at the University of Minnesota, Duluth campus is to prepare students for practice in rural communities. To support and encourage medical and pharmacy students to choose to practice in rural Minnesota, an interprofessional experience was developed to expose medical and pharmacy students to a variety of aspects of rural h...

We analyze how network effects affect competition in the nascent cryptocurrency market. We do so by examining early dynamics of exchange rates among different cryptocurrencies. While Bitcoin essentially dominates this market, our data suggest no evidence of a winner-take-all effect early in the market. Indeed, for a relatively long period, a few other cryptocurrencies competing with Bitcoin (th...

Although contract reparations have been extensively studied in the context of deontic logics, there is not much literature using reparations in automatabased deontic approaches. Contract automata is a recent approach to modelling the notion of contract-based interaction between different parties using synchronous composition. However, it lacks the notion of reparations for contract violations. ...

Kuga-Satake varieties are abelian varieties associated to certain weight two Hodge structures, for example the second cohomology group of a K3 surface. We start with an introduction to Hodge structures and we give a detailed account of the construction of Kuga-Satake varieties. The Hodge conjecture is discussed in section 2. An excellent survey of the Hodge conjecture for abelian varieties is [...

Frequency-warped "lters are bene"cial in many audio applications because they inherently use nonuniform frequency resolution which may be matched so that it approximates the frequency representation of hearing. Warped transversal "lters are immediately obtained by replacing the unit delays of a conventional "lter with "rst-order allpass blocks. Implementation of warped recursive "lters is a pro...

The aim of the demo is threefold. First, it introduces the current version of the annotation tool for discourse relations in the Prague Dependency Treebank 3.0. Second, it presents the discourse relations in the treebank themselves, including new additions in comparison with the previous release. And third, it shows how to search in the treebank, with focus on the discourse relations.

Artificial spike-based computation, inspired by models of computations in the central nervous system, may present significant performance advantages over traditional methods for specific types of large scale problems. In this paper, we study new models for two common instances of such computation, winner-take-all and coincidence detection. In both cases, very fast convergence is achieved indepe...