OBJECTIVE To use a practical battery of eight neuropsychological tests for the detection of an association between amateur boxing and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. DESIGN A controlled prospective neuropsychological study over a 15-18-month period. SETTING Dublin, Ireland. March 1992 to September 1993. PARTICIPANTS Twenty experienced actively competing amateur boxers and 20 controls ma...

BACKGROUND There is a paucity of epidemiological data on neck injury in amateur rugby union populations. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, severity, aetiology and type of neck injury in Australian men's amateur rugby union. METHODS Data was collected from a cohort of 262 participants from two Australian amateur men's rugby union clubs via a prospective cohort study d...

How do standards of poetic beauty change as a function of time and expertise? Here we use computational methods to compare the stylistic features of 359 English poems written by 19th century professional poets, Imagist poets, contemporary professional poets, and contemporary amateur poets. Building upon techniques designed to analyze style and sentiment in texts, we examine elements of poetic c...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of amateur rugby league players. METHODS Thirty five amateur rugby league players (19 forwards and 16 backs) were measured for height, body mass, percentage body fat (sum of four skinfolds), muscular power (vertical jump), speed (10 m and 40 m sprint), and maximal aerobic power (multistage fitness test). Data were ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The evidence for traumatic brain injury in amateur boxers is controversial. Hypothetically, sudden acceleration of the head due to the impact of the blow during the boxing fight might result in diffuse axonal injury or contusion. We wanted to determine whether cerebral microhemorrhages occur more often in amateur boxers than in nonboxers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 42 mal...

Introduction: Although carbohydrates consumption is a key factor to enhance sport performance, intake levels seem questioned by some amateur athletes, leading to develop an irrational aversion to carbohydrate known as “carbophobia”. On the other hand, food is the origin of virtual communities erected as a source of knowledge and a way to exchange information. Despite this, very few studies have...

Personal informatics applications and visualizations are increasingly available for amateur endurance athletes to record and monitor their performance and training. This information can be valuable for self-coached athletes or coaches of amateur athletes who tailor training programs based on this data. Despite this, it is not clear if the information provided by such tools map to the real needs...

How do standards of poetic beauty change as a function of time and expertise? Here we use computational methods to compare the stylistic features of 359 English poems written by 19th century professional poets, Imagist poets, contemporary professional poets, and contemporary amateur poets. Building upon techniques designed to analyze style and sentiment in texts, we examine elements of poetic c...