Recent years have witnessed the rise of ancient DNA (aDNA) technology, allowing comparative genomics to be carried out at unprecedented time resolution. While it is relatively straightforward to use aDNA to identify recent genomic changes, it is much less clear how to utilize it to study changes in epigenetic regulation. Here we review recent works demonstrating that highly degraded aDNA still ...

Motivated by the Erdős multiplication table problem we study the following question: Given numbers N1, . . . , Nk+1, how many distinct products of the form n1 · · ·nk+1 with 1 ≤ ni ≤ Ni for i ∈ {1, . . . , k + 1} are there? Call Ak+1(N1, . . . , Nk+1) the quantity in question. Ford established the order of magnitude of A2(N1, N2) and the author of Ak+1(N, . . . , N) for all k ≥ 2. In the presen...

Contemporary debates on the rural sector in Latin America have led many to question the future viability of peasant livelihoods in the Andes. The paper first discusses certain limitations in these discussions of peasant viability. Firstly, they conflate agrarian with rural livelihoods, thus deflecting attention from the myriad transitions that have occurred in the ways through which people make...

In this paper, we propose a new temporal data mining method considering a set of archæological objects which are temporally represented with fuzzy numbers. Our method uses an index which quantifies the anteriority between two fuzzy numbers for the construction of a weighted oriented graph. The vertices of the graph correspond to the temporal objects. Using this anteriority graph, we estimate th...

E ver since Vincent Knapp published his 1999 article ‘‘How old is Endometriosis?’’ (1), there seems to have been renewed interest in identifying just when endometriosis was discovered as a distinct disease entity. While the history of endometriosis subsequent to its 1860 microscopic unveiling by Karl von Rokitansky has been well-studied, its story leading up to that moment has remained largely ...

Ancient asexual animal groups, such as bdelloid rotifers and darwinuloid ostracods, are excellent model organisms to study the effects of long-term asexuality. However, the absolute length of time that these groups have been fully asexual is mostly ignored. In the case of the darwinuloid ostracods, the fossil record shows that sexual reproduction disappeared almost completely after the end of P...

There are several systems of medicine practiced in the world, every system with its own basis, philosophy and therapeutics but with one common object: alleviation of disease. The knowledge of drugs goes back to prehistoric time. Man savage must have known by experience how to relieve his suffering by the use of herbs growing in his vicinity. Records of ancient civilization show that a considera...

There are several systems of medicine practiced in the world, every system with its own basis, philosophy and therapeutics but with one common object: alleviation of disease. The knowledge of drugs goes back to prehistoric time. Man savage must have known by experience how to relieve his suffering by the use of herbs growing in his vicinity. Records of ancient civilization show that a considera...

In medical history of different nations, there are numerous documents concerning cancer. The present study is an investigation in ancient books to determine the part that medicine of Iran has played in the recognition of cancer. In all 31 Iranian medical and 5 Islamic medicine books mostly from 8 to 18 cent. A.D. have been examined. The findings showed that cancer in ancient medical books of Ir...

Personal skills in rhetoric and face-to-face communication are not outdated by the development of modern media—on contrary, potential power efficient speaker is as evident today it was ancient Greece or Rome, be a student at an oral exam, applicant job interview upcoming politician on social media. Becoming good just matter luck talent; can taught developed. The article presents phenomenologica...