Deterministic equilibrium flows in transport networks can be investigated by means of Markov's processes defined on the dual graph representations of the network. Sustained movement patterns are generated by a subset of automorphisms of the graph spanning the spatial network of a city naturally interpreted as random walks. Random walks assign absolute scores to all nodes of a graph and embed sp...

This study aims to explore the relationship between soundscape and landscape factors in commercial spaces. Commercial pedestrian streets in Seoul, Korea were selected in order to include various sound and visual elements in urban commercial spaces. In site evaluation of soundscape were performed in the case study areas. Perceptual and physical acoustic environments in the commercial area were a...

Pedestrian commercial streets are an important part of a city. However, the open outdoor street is easily affected by external climate, and poor microclimate environment can indirectly affect volume visitors to street. This paper takes pedestrian in regions with hot summers cold winters as research object order obtain reasonable prototypes space. Adopting experimental method controlling variabl...

While walking on the streets, pedestrians can aware attractions like shopping windows. Some of them might shift their attention towards the attractions, namely switching behavior. As a first step, this study investigates collective effects of the switching behavior for an attraction by means of numerical simulations. Such switching behavior leads some pedestrians head for the attraction, or eve...

1-      introduction the increasing growth of urbanization in recent decade and occurring most of the economic and social activities of human being in urban environments cause that the city is considered as a place a citizen spends much time and it is one of the effective and important places in which the majority of memories, experiences, emotions are formed. thus, cities play important role i...

Microscopic computer models provide the opportunity to simulate vehicle and pedestrian behaviour under varying infrastructure conditions. Pre-crash and crash involvement risk at street, or even suburb level, can be explored and modified through various scenarios, such as: traffic calmed streets, pedestrian crossings, technology based infrastructure and other physical interventions. Models can s...