contemporary iranian society is transiting from traditional outlook to modern attitudes. social chaos matched with behavioral and thinking chaos is characteristic of transition period. political structure, as a part of society, alongside the juridical, economic and social structure is transiting from traditional sovereignty to intellectual and legal one. political participation, as a tangible a...

supply security of energy is one of the main challenges of industrialized countries in recent decades. also, it has been noted that in recent years other countries like new emergence asian countries and latin american countries, have understood the role and importance of energy. however, oil and gas have more importance for numerous reasons such as convenience availability, high thermal value a...

spatial planning system of a country is the array of its planning systems. getting familiar with spatial planning system of different countries and their experiences could help for comparison and accommodation so that making decision and defining appropriate planning system could be done. this article has studied the spatial planning system of portugal and since there are different factors affe...

according to rawls, lack of information and knowledge behind the veil ofignorance necessitates the existence of primary goods. he outlines severalsubjective and objective reasons to back his argument for the necessity of primarygoods as a fair and neutral element. this article discusses rawls’s argument forsuch necessity while at the same time argues that the “primary goods” listed byrawls prom...

This study compares members of political youth organisations and explains variations in material incentives for enrolment using both organisation-level individual-level factors. Empirically, it is based on a web survey about 3,000 eight Swedish organisations. The analysis shows that young people have complex combination concerns, with the main dividing line being whether or not are important. A...

Abstract The Qajar dynasty was a time of civil wars as well as the wars against Russia, meanwhile, Qajarid Shahs, understanding the power of sublime art both in internal and external political relations, tried to expand and renew the style of the mural decorations which is the issue of this article. Increasing the relations with European countries like England and France, Fath Ali Shah and ...