BACKGROUND Tibial head depression fractures demand a high level of fracture stabilization to prevent a secondary loss of reduction after surgery. Elderly individuals are at an increased risk of developing these fractures, and biomechanical investigations of the fractures are rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically analyze different types of osteosyntheses in combination wit...

preformulation studies on transdermal dosage forms involve liberal use of animal skin for assessing the permeation characteristics of drugs, influence of permeation enhancers, optimizing the formulation variables etc. the restricted availability of animal skin due to concerns regarding prevention of cruelty to animals has generated considerable interest in developing polymeric films for use as ...

Copyright: © 2013 Angeli F. et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is a complex regulatory system with many identifiable actions. It may primarily be viewed a...

The effects of different kinds of biotic and abiotic stress on crops can be lessened through exogenous application of different biostimulant products. Although some of these products come from enzymatic hydrolysates derived from animal remains, the literature does not contain references to the use of enzymatic hydrolysates obtained from animal hemoglobin, specifi cally porcine blood. With the a...

The specific defect in molecules of sickle hemoglobin (HbS) has been known for many years (1), but the nature of the assembled polymers of HbS which distort susceptible erythrocytes remains unclear. Several structural forms of sickled hemoglobin have been observed in electron microscopic studies, including a mat-like arrangement of fibers (2), empty hexagonal crystals (3), microtubules (4), and...

Concentrations of manganese, considerably in excess of the quantity required for normal vegetative growth, are needed by Bacillus for (i) synthesis of such secondary metabolites and structures as antibiotics, D-glutamyl peptide, endospores, bacteriophage, and protective antigen; and (ii) longevity of vegetative cell cultures. No other biologically active element can substitute for manganese, an...

Abstract In this paper, the prevention of negative technogenic impact on environment oil sludge by using it as a secondary resource is considered. Oil from various objects fields in Kazakhstan (Mangystau region) has been studied. The possibilities (after its separation bioremidiation) partial substitute for bitumen base production modified are main physical and mechanical characteristics determ...

There is consensus that inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are the result of “dysregulated” immune reactivity towards commensal microorganisms in the intestine. This gut microbiome is clearly altered in IBD, but its primary or secondary role is still debated. The focus has shifted from adaptive to innate immunity, with its multitude of receptor molecules (Toll-like and NOD receptors) and antiba...