This study surveyed 28 athletes competing at a regional mixed martial arts (MMA) event. The survey attempted to gather information regarding overall training volume, supplement use, and specific exercises used. The survey return rate was 100% (28/28). Twenty-five out of the 28 athletes supplemented their training with strength training. Overall frequency of strength training sessions/week range...

The misuse of anabolic androgenic steroids has in several reports been associated with effects resulting in altered behavior. This study used the Morris water maze task to investigate the effect of high doses of the anabolic androgenic steroid nandrolone on spatial learning and memory in male rats. During the experiment, we observed a significantly impaired Morris water maze performance in the ...

High doses of anabolic androgenic steroid are associated with changes in personality, e.g. increased aggression and irritability, behavioural changes that may be linked to structural changes in the hippocampus. In this in vivo study we demonstrate acute effects of a single injection of 19-nortestosterone on proteins that play a major role in molecular plasticity at synaptic connections. The ste...

background: progressive prevalence of anabolic steroid use and physical and mental consequences of these drugs are known as worldwide healthy problems. willingness to being fitness and having muscular body and unhealthy beliefs about anabolic steroids are determinant behavioral factors of anabolic storied use. the purpose of this study was to determine the behavioral reason of anabolic steroid ...

Note from the Editors In recent months there have been more that a few stories in the national media related to the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids among athletes. Because of this attention, and because steroid abuse is not limited to athletes, the editors felt that the time was right for an issue of the Research Digest devoted to steroids. As the reference list for this article attests, Ch...

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are misused to a high extent in sports by athletes to improve their physical performance. Sports federations consider the use of these drugs in sports as doping. The misuse of AAS is controlled by detection of the parent AAS (when excreted into urine) and (or) their metabolites in urine of athletes. I present a review of the metabolism of AAS. Testosterone is ...