In many filamentary structures, such as hydrostatic arms, roots, and stems, the active or growing part of material depends on contractile elongating fibers. Through their activation by muscular contraction growth, these fibers will generate internal stresses that are partially relieved filament acquiring intrinsic torsion curvature. This process is fundamental in morphogenesis but also plant tr...

Abstract This paper presents (Lagrangian) variational formulations for single and multicomponent semi-compressible fluids with both reversible (entropy-conserving) irreversible (entropy-generating) processes. Semi-compressible are useful in describing low-Mach dynamics, since they soundproof . These models find wide use many areas of fluid including geophysical astrophysical dynamics. Specifica...

The reorientation of the point-defect pailformed in CaFz crystals by substitutional Gd-lt and interstitial F ions has been studied using EPR lifetime broadening measurements and dielectric and anelastic relaxation studies at temperatures between liquid N2 and room. The GdF3 concentration ranged from 0.01 to 0.3 mole percent. The crystals were annealed in an atmosphere of He and H F at temperatu...