E ects of merging histories of protoobjects on angular momentum distribution of present dark matter haloes are analysed. In a analysis of the angular momentum distributions by analytical methods (e.g., Heavens & Peacock 1989, Catelan & Theuns 1996), they have assumed that initially haloes are homogeneous ellipsoids and that the growth of the angular momentum halts at the maximum expansion time ...

One property of electromagnetic waves that has been recently explored is the ability to multiplex multiple beams, such that each beam has a unique helical phase front. The amount of phase front 'twisting' indicates the orbital angular momentum state number, and beams with different orbital angular momentum are orthogonal. Such orbital angular momentum based multiplexing can potentially increase...

In analogy with mechanics the concepts of field momentum and field angular momentum can be introduced in electrodynamics through conservation laws. In this thesis some fundamental properties of the electromagnetic field angular momentum are treated. This includes the connection to sources, conservation laws and the separation of total angular momentum into a spin and an orbital part. In 1957 Ze...

We report the observation of nonlinear interactions in quadratic nonlinear crystals having a geometrically twisted susceptibility pattern. The quasi-angular-momentum of these crystals is imprinted on the interacting photons during the nonlinear process so that the total angular momentum is conserved. These crystals affect three basic physical quantities of the output photons: energy, translatio...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the lifting characteristics of elders with functional limitations using burden lifting smoothness, trunk angular momentum, and back and hip torque, and to correlate these characteristics with strength and functional measures. METHODS Thirty elders (65-89 years old) consented to biomechanical analysis of lifting, gait, and chair rise, and...

The six-degree equations of flight in their classic form do not provide a proper physical perception due to a number of interferences. Nor do they render visible the important role of attack angles. In this study, attempts have been made to develop a complete set of 3D acceleration equations from the equations of normal and tangential acceleration αN=vωv, αt=v ̇. For this purpose, a coordinate s...