Here, I provide a guide for those new to the burgeoning field of animal welfare science as to what this comprehensive, relatively young discipline is all about. Drawing on all branches of biology, including behavioural ecology and neuroscience, the science of animal welfare asks three big questions: Are animals conscious? How can we assess good and bad welfare in animals? How can we use science...

Experimental research proceeds by hypotheses formulated on the basis of previous or new knowledge and then tested. If they are accepted, they serve as the basis for further hypotheses, and if they are rejected new hypotheses can be developed. In other words, when we are at the frontiers of knowledge the path is forged by "trial and error". When a trial shows a hypothesis is wrong, this is a ste...

Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc | Braz J Cardiovasc Surg he invasion of the Royal Institute in São Roque, SP, on the 18th of October, in which tens of Beagle dogs were evacuated by activists, created a huge controversy, amplified by the wide dissemination in the media and on the internet. Moreover, the action of activists led to the closure of the lab. Not only that. Many institutions that use animals ...

Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disease, defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, causing pelvic pain and subfertility in approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Current therapies lead to pain relief, however, do not address the causes and entail severe side effects. Still little is known about the pathogenic processes leading to the development and mai...

On April 7, 2017, TEDD (Tissue Engineering for Drug Development and Substance Testing) and the Animal Research Foundation joined forces at ZHAW Waedenswil to present their latest scientific results in the domain of the 3Rs of biomedical research: how to Refine, Reduce and Replace animal testing with alternative approaches.

Animal models are important tools in the study of alcohol use, abuse, and dependence because they allow researchers to use methods that cannot be used with human subjects. Animal models have been developed to study various aspects of alcohol use and dependence, including alcohol-seeking behavior, alcohol-related organ damage, tolerance to alcohol, and physical dependence on alcohol. Because ani...

conservation technologies… we could meet and surpass the Kyoto targets easily in a way that would strengthen, not weaken, our economies'. Global warming and melting ice, he suggested, could lead to a future climate conference in Canada being held on 'a raft somewhere'. Clinton pointed out that there was a growing demand for action within the US, highlighting efforts by 10 states and 192 cities ...

Edison P Reyes1,2, Paula P Cortés3 and Ricardo Fernández3* 1Centro de Fisiología Celular e Integrativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile 2Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile 3Departamento de Salud, Universidad de Los Lagos, Chile *Corresponding author: Ricardo Fernández, Departamento de Salud, Universidad de Los Lagos. Av. Fuch...